The theoretical background is based on COMPATIBLE STRESS FIELD DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL CONCRETE
(Kaufmann et al., 2020)
Structural design of concrete discontinuities in IDEA StatiCa Detail
Introduction to the CSFM method
General introduction for the structural design of concrete details
Main assumptions and limitations
Design tools for reinforcement
Analysis model of IDEA StatiCa Detail
Introduction to finite element implementation
Supports and load transmitting components
Load transfer at trimmed ends of beams
Geometric modification of cross-sections
Finite element types
Meshing
Solution method and load-control algorithm
Presentation of results
Model verification
Limit states, crack width calculation, and Tension stiffening
Structural verifications according to EUROCODE
- Material models (EN)
- Safety factors
- Ultimate limit state analysis
- Partially loaded areas (PLA)
- Serviceability limit state analysis
Structural verifications according to ACI 318-19
- Material models (ACI)
- Strength reduction and load factors
- Strength verifications
- Bearing and anchorage zones - Partially loaded areas
- Serviceability verifications
Prestressing in Detail - Model description
Introduction to the CSFM method
Analysis model of IDEA StatiCa Detail
Widget #NaN: support_center_article
Name: Theoretical background Detail - General - Finite element implementation
ID: 1638f9e0-9e47-421b-9191-15d040e77c8a
Show Raw Data
{
"title": {
"name": "Main headline (H1)",
"type": "text",
"value": "Introducción a la aplicación de elementos finitos"
},
"preview_image": {
"name": "Preview image",
"type": "asset",
"value": [
{
"name": "Finite element implementation in IDEA StatiCa Detail.png",
"description": null,
"type": "image/png",
"size": 481046,
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/0388381a-906d-48f1-a5b2-ce00188fded9/Finite%20element%20implementation%20in%20IDEA%20StatiCa%20Detail.png",
"width": 1200,
"height": 630,
"renditions": {}
}
]
},
"post_date": {
"name": "Post date",
"type": "date_time",
"value": null,
"displayTimeZone": null
},
"perex_content": {
"name": "Lead paragraph",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"content": {
"images": [
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "9e86fe68-36a5-433d-9451-40d2b5078b86",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/3f70008c-0c34-4dbe-8219-4d8aa7079bb5/Visualization%20of%20the%20calculation%20model.png",
"height": 562,
"width": 847
}
],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [
{
"codename": "untitled_content_item_a11adc2",
"linkId": "a11adc2d-9c84-4667-8061-600660e1ad87",
"urlSlug": "concrete-walls-challenge-or-routine",
"type": "blog_post"
}
],
"name": "Content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p>El CSFM considera campos de tensión continuos en el hormigón (elementos finitos 2D), complementados por elementos discretos de \"varilla\" que representan la armadura (elementos finitos 1D). Por lo tanto, la armadura no se incrusta difusamente en los elementos finitos 2D del hormigón, sino que se modela explícitamente y se conecta a ellos. En el modelo de cálculo se considera un estado de tensiones plano.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"9e86fe68-36a5-433d-9451-40d2b5078b86\" data-image-id=\"9e86fe68-36a5-433d-9451-40d2b5078b86\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/3f70008c-0c34-4dbe-8219-4d8aa7079bb5/Visualization%20of%20the%20calculation%20model.png\" data-asset-id=\"9e86fe68-36a5-433d-9451-40d2b5078b86\" data-image-id=\"9e86fe68-36a5-433d-9451-40d2b5078b86\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>\\[ \\textsf{\\textit{footnotesize{Fig. 6\\qquad Visualización del modelo de cálculo de un elemento estructural (viga recortada) en Idea StatiCa Detail.}}]</em></p>\n<p>Se pueden modelizar tanto <a data-item-id=\"a11adc2d-9c84-4667-8061-600660e1ad87\" href=\"\">muros</a> y vigas enteras, como detalles (partes) de vigas (región de discontinuidad aislada, también llamada extremo recortado). En el caso de muros y vigas enteras, los apoyos deben definirse de tal manera que resulte una estructura (externamente) isostática (estáticamente determinada) o hiperestática (estáticamente indeterminada). La transferencia de carga en los extremos recortados de las vigas se introduce mediante una zona de transferencia especial de Saint-Venant, que garantiza una distribución de tensiones realista en la región de detalle analizada.</p>"
},
"regions": {
"name": "Region",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "AMER",
"codename": "amer"
},
{
"name": "EMEA",
"codename": "emea"
},
{
"name": "APAC",
"codename": "apac"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "region"
},
"product_groups": {
"name": "Product group",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Concrete",
"codename": "concrete"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "product_group"
},
"support_center_article_types": {
"name": "Support center article",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Knowledge base",
"codename": "knowledgebase_article"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "support_center_article"
},
"expertise_levels": {
"name": "Expertise level",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "expertise_level"
},
"labels": {
"name": "Labels",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Detail 2D",
"codename": "detail"
},
{
"name": "ACI (USA)",
"codename": "aci__usa_"
},
{
"name": "EN (Eurocode)",
"codename": "eurocode"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "labels"
},
"linked_items": {
"name": "Linked items",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [],
"linkedItems": []
},
"attachments__files": {
"name": "Attachments",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"content_priority__value": {
"name": "Content priority value",
"type": "number",
"value": 7100
},
"options": {
"name": "Options",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"url_slug": {
"name": "Url slug",
"type": "url_slug",
"value": "finite-element-implementation"
},
"unique_url_slug": {
"name": "Unique URL slug",
"type": "custom",
"value": "[\"finite-element-implementation\",\"[autogenerated]\"]"
},
"content_settings__sitemap": {
"name": "Show in sitemap",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__robots": {
"name": "Search engine indexing",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__is_hidden": {
"name": "Hidden nested content",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": [
{
"name": "yes",
"codename": "yes"
}
]
},
"metadata__page_title": {
"name": "Page title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Implementación de elementos finitos en IDEA StatiCa Detalle"
},
"metadata__page_description": {
"name": "Page description",
"type": "text",
"value": "Descripción detallada de la implementación de elementos finitos en IDEA StatiCa Detail. IDEA StatiCa Detail - un software de diseño de hormigón."
},
"metadata__page_keywords": {
"name": "Page keywords",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__canonical_url": {
"name": "Canonical URL",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_title": {
"name": "OG:title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_description": {
"name": "OG:description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_image": {
"name": "OG:image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__page_label": {
"name": "Page label",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__path_segment": {
"name": "Path segment",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__breadcrumb_style": {
"name": "Breadcrumb style",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__hide_in_breadcrumbs": {
"name": "Hide in breadcrumbs",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
}Widget #NaN: support_center_article
Name: Theoretical background Detail - Finite element types
ID: 85424e98-41cd-4bdd-a978-e4b540a10be5
Show Raw Data
{
"title": {
"name": "Main headline (H1)",
"type": "text",
"value": "Finite element types"
},
"preview_image": {
"name": "Preview image",
"type": "asset",
"value": [
{
"name": "finite elements.png",
"description": null,
"type": "image/png",
"size": 219517,
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/48fa7d1e-4cae-4946-924d-ec19029fa362/finite%20elements.png",
"width": 1230,
"height": 630,
"renditions": {}
}
]
},
"post_date": {
"name": "Post date",
"type": "date_time",
"value": null,
"displayTimeZone": null
},
"perex_content": {
"name": "Lead paragraph",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"content": {
"images": [
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "03fd72f4-b362-492a-8885-349785eaa70a",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/511cc4d5-618a-4542-ac53-52a29549070f/Finite%20element%20model.png",
"height": 449,
"width": 1177
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "a031a0ff-a5a7-4a37-b59f-cb1c408f080b",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/1cc20fd2-92d7-42dc-ac17-24f318cbd45c/Bond.PNG",
"height": 707,
"width": 1773
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "6e05f6d3-2d4c-4c6c-90f0-89e34117415c",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/748b5346-4251-4154-b923-919c94d0c6d0/Model%20for%20the%20reduction%20of%20the%20anchorage%20length.PNG",
"height": 702,
"width": 1792
}
],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p>The non-linear (inelastic) finite element analysis model is created by several types of finite elements used to model concrete, reinforcement, and the bond between them. Concrete and reinforcement elements are first meshed independently and then connected to each other using multi-point constraints (MPC elements). This allows the reinforcement to occupy an arbitrary, relative position in relation to the concrete. If anchorage length verification is to be calculated, bond and anchorage end spring elements are inserted between the reinforcement and the MPC elements.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"03fd72f4-b362-492a-8885-349785eaa70a\" data-image-id=\"03fd72f4-b362-492a-8885-349785eaa70a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/511cc4d5-618a-4542-ac53-52a29549070f/Finite%20element%20model.png\" data-asset-id=\"03fd72f4-b362-492a-8885-349785eaa70a\" data-image-id=\"03fd72f4-b362-492a-8885-349785eaa70a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>\\[ \\textsf{\\textit{\\footnotesize{Fig. 13\\qquad Finite element model: reinforcement elements mapped to concrete mesh using MPC elements and bond elements.}}}\\]</em></p>\n<h3>Concrete</h3>\n<p>Concrete is modeled using quadrilateral and trilateral shell elements, CQUAD4 and CTRIA3. These can be defined by four or three nodes, respectively. Only plane stress is assumed to exist in these elements, i.e., stresses or strains in the z-direction are not considered.</p>\n<p>Each element has four or three integration points which are placed at approximately 1/4 of its size. At each integration point in every element, the directions of principal strains α<sub>1</sub>, α<sub>2</sub> are calculated. In both of these directions, the principal stresses σ<em><sub>c</sub></em><sub>1</sub>, σ<em><sub>c</sub></em><sub>2</sub> and stiffnesses <em>E</em><sub>1</sub>, <em>E</em><sub>2</sub> are evaluated according to the specified concrete stress-strain diagram, as per Fig. 2. It should be noted that the impact of the compression softening effect couples the behavior of the main compressive direction to the actual state of the other principal direction.</p>\n<h3>Reinforcement</h3>\n<p>Rebars are modeled by two-node 1D “rod” elements (CROD), which only have axial stiffness. These elements are connected to special “bond” elements which were developed in order to model the slip behavior between a reinforcing bar and the surrounding concrete. These bond elements are subsequently connected by MPC (multi-point constraint) elements to the mesh representing the concrete. This approach allows the independent meshing of reinforcement and concrete, while their interconnection is ensured later.</p>\n<h3>Bond elements</h3>\n<p>The anchorage length is verified by implementing the bond shear stresses between concrete elements (2D) and reinforcing bar elements (1D) in the finite element model. To this end, a “bond” finite element type was developed.</p>\n<p>The definition of the bond element is similar to that of a shell element (CQUAD4). It is also defined by 4 nodes, but in contrast to a shell, it only has a non-zero stiffness in shear between the two upper and two lower nodes. In the model, the upper nodes are connected to the elements representing reinforcement and the lower nodes to those representing concrete. The behavior of this element is described by the bond stress, τ<em><sub>b</sub></em>, as a bilinear function of the slip between the upper and lower nodes, δ<em><sub>u</sub></em>, see Fig. 14.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"a031a0ff-a5a7-4a37-b59f-cb1c408f080b\" data-image-id=\"a031a0ff-a5a7-4a37-b59f-cb1c408f080b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/1cc20fd2-92d7-42dc-ac17-24f318cbd45c/Bond.PNG\" data-asset-id=\"a031a0ff-a5a7-4a37-b59f-cb1c408f080b\" data-image-id=\"a031a0ff-a5a7-4a37-b59f-cb1c408f080b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>\\[ \\textsf{\\textit{\\footnotesize{Fig. 14\\qquad (a) conceptual illustration of the deformation of a bond element; (b) a stress-deformation function.}}}\\]</em></p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>The elastic stiffness modulus of the bond-slip relationship, <em>G</em><em><sub>b</sub></em>, is defined as follows:</p>\n<p>\\[G_b = k_g \\cdot \\frac{E_c}{Ø}\\]</p>\n<p>where:</p>\n<p><em>k</em><em><sub>g</sub></em> coefficient depending on the reinforcing bar surface (by default <em>k</em><em><sub>g</sub></em><sub> </sub>= 0.2)</p>\n<p><em>E</em><em><sub>c</sub></em> modulus of elasticity of concrete (taken as <em>E</em><em><sub>cm</sub></em> in case of EN)</p>\n<p>Ø the diameter of the reinforcing bar</p>\n<p>The design values (factored values) of ultimate bond shear stress, <em>f</em><em><sub>bd</sub></em>, provided in the respective selected design codes EN 1992-1-1 or ACI 318-19 are used to verify the anchorage length. The hardening of the plastic branch is calculated by default as <em>G</em><em><sub>b</sub></em>/10<sup>5</sup>.</p>\n<h3>Anchorage spring</h3>\n<p>The provision of anchorage ends to the reinforcing bars (i.e., bends, hooks, loops…), which fulfills the prescriptions of design codes, allows the reduction of the basic anchorage length of the bars (<em>l</em><em><sub>b,net</sub></em>) by a certain factor β (referred to as the ‘anchorage coefficient’ below). The design value of the anchorage length (<em>l</em><em><sub>b</sub></em>) is then calculated as follows:</p>\n<p>\\[l_b = \\left(1 - \\beta\\right)l_{b,net}\\]</p>\n<p>The intended reduction in <em>l</em><em><sub>b,net</sub></em> is equivalent to the activation of the reinforcing bar at its end at a percentage of its maximum capacity given by the anchorage reduction coefficient, as shown in Fig. 15a.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"6e05f6d3-2d4c-4c6c-90f0-89e34117415c\" data-image-id=\"6e05f6d3-2d4c-4c6c-90f0-89e34117415c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/748b5346-4251-4154-b923-919c94d0c6d0/Model%20for%20the%20reduction%20of%20the%20anchorage%20length.PNG\" data-asset-id=\"6e05f6d3-2d4c-4c6c-90f0-89e34117415c\" data-image-id=\"6e05f6d3-2d4c-4c6c-90f0-89e34117415c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>\\[ \\textsf{\\textit{\\footnotesize{Fig. 15\\qquad Model for the reduction of the anchorage length:}}}\\]</em></p>\n<p><em>\\[ \\textsf{\\textit{\\footnotesize{(a) anchorage force along the anchorage length of the reinforcing bar; (b) slip-anchorage force constitutive relationship.}}}\\]</em></p>\n<p>The reduction of the anchorage length is included in the finite element model by means of a spring element at the end of the bar (Fig. 15), which is defined by the constitutive model shown in Fig. 15b. The maximum force transmitted by this spring (<em>F</em><em><sub>au</sub></em>) is:</p>\n<p>\\[F_{au} = \\beta \\cdot A_s \\cdot f_{yd}\\]</p>\n<p>where :</p>\n<p><em>β</em> the anchorage coefficient based on anchorage type,</p>\n<p><em>A</em><em><sub>s</sub></em> the cross-section of the reinforcing bar,</p>\n<p><em>f</em><em><sub>yd</sub></em><em> </em> the design value (factored value) of the yield strength of the reinforcement.</p>"
},
"regions": {
"name": "Region",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "AMER",
"codename": "amer"
},
{
"name": "EMEA",
"codename": "emea"
},
{
"name": "APAC",
"codename": "apac"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "region"
},
"product_groups": {
"name": "Product group",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Concrete",
"codename": "concrete"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "product_group"
},
"support_center_article_types": {
"name": "Support center article",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Knowledge base",
"codename": "knowledgebase_article"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "support_center_article"
},
"expertise_levels": {
"name": "Expertise level",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "expertise_level"
},
"labels": {
"name": "Labels",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Detail 2D",
"codename": "detail"
},
{
"name": "ACI (USA)",
"codename": "aci__usa_"
},
{
"name": "EN (Eurocode)",
"codename": "eurocode"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "labels"
},
"linked_items": {
"name": "Linked items",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [],
"linkedItems": []
},
"attachments__files": {
"name": "Attachments",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"content_priority__value": {
"name": "Content priority value",
"type": "number",
"value": 7100
},
"options": {
"name": "Options",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"url_slug": {
"name": "Url slug",
"type": "url_slug",
"value": "finite-element-types"
},
"unique_url_slug": {
"name": "Unique URL slug",
"type": "custom",
"value": "[\"finite-element-types\",\"[autogenerated]\"]"
},
"content_settings__sitemap": {
"name": "Show in sitemap",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__robots": {
"name": "Search engine indexing",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__is_hidden": {
"name": "Hidden nested content",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"metadata__page_title": {
"name": "Page title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__page_description": {
"name": "Page description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__page_keywords": {
"name": "Page keywords",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__canonical_url": {
"name": "Canonical URL",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_title": {
"name": "OG:title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_description": {
"name": "OG:description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_image": {
"name": "OG:image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__page_label": {
"name": "Page label",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__path_segment": {
"name": "Path segment",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__breadcrumb_style": {
"name": "Breadcrumb style",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__hide_in_breadcrumbs": {
"name": "Hide in breadcrumbs",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
}Model verification
Structural verifications according to Eurocode
Assessment of the structure using CSFM is performed by two different analyses: one for serviceability, and one for ultimate limit state load combinations. The serviceability analysis assumes that the ultimate behavior of the element is satisfactory, and the yield conditions of the material will not be reached at serviceability load levels. This approach enables the use of simplified constitutive models (with a linear branch of concrete stress-strain diagram) for serviceability analysis to enhance numerical stability and calculation speed.
Structural verifications according to ACI 318-19
Assessment of the structure using the CSFM is performed by two different analyses: one for serviceability, and one for strength load combinations. The serviceability analysis assumes that the behavior under factored loads is satisfactory, and the yield conditions of the material will not be reached at serviceability load levels. This approach enables the use of simplified constitutive models (with a linear branch of concrete stress-strain diagram) for serviceability analysis to enhance numerical stability and calculation speed.
CSFM is in accordance with ACI 318-19, chapter 6.8.1.1. In order for the CSFM to meet the requirements from ACI 318-19 Section 6.8.1.2, a lot of verification testing was done at various universities. Individual articles summarizing the results of verification and validation can be found at the following link.
Widget #NaN: support_center_article
Name: Theoretical background Detail - Strength reduction and load factors - ACI
ID: bc990646-f698-490d-851e-4ab70850a3bc
Show Raw Data
{
"title": {
"name": "Main headline (H1)",
"type": "text",
"value": "Reducción de la resistencia y factores de carga"
},
"preview_image": {
"name": "Preview image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"post_date": {
"name": "Post date",
"type": "date_time",
"value": null,
"displayTimeZone": null
},
"perex_content": {
"name": "Lead paragraph",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"content": {
"images": [
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "1fa1394b-aa7d-4e35-ba1b-74d51ffa7f89",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/7f5c8c73-4050-4623-9f74-04bee16498f2/Strength%20reduction%20factors%20-%20ACI.png",
"height": 496,
"width": 879
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "fe8369c9-e929-4d00-b389-fa2c8d9c0cca",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/db9f1517-72eb-45bd-9f0c-6c748d7c9146/Load%20factors%20-%20ACI.png",
"height": 339,
"width": 678
}
],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p>El Método del Campo de Tensiones Compatible cumple los códigos de diseño modernos. Dado que los modelos de cálculo sólo utilizan propiedades de material estándar, el formato de factor de seguridad parcial prescrito en los códigos de diseño puede aplicarse sin ninguna adaptación. De este modo, las cargas de entrada se factorizan y las propiedades características del material se reducen utilizando los factores de reducción de resistencia respectivos, exactamente igual que en el análisis convencional del hormigón.</p>\n<p>Los valores de los <strong>factores de reducción de resistencia</strong> se prescriben en ACI 318-19 Cl. 21.2. Los valores por defecto para el hormigón y la armadura se eligen basándose en la suposición de que el ejemplo típico resuelto en la aplicación es a cortante controlado (basado en la Tabla 21.2.1 (b), (f), (g)). Sin embargo, es posible modelizar cualquier tipo de elemento. Por lo tanto, si se evalúa un elemento controlado por compresión o tracción, el usuario tiene la opción de cambiar el valor del factor de reducción de resistencia en las Preferencias.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"1fa1394b-aa7d-4e35-ba1b-74d51ffa7f89\" data-image-id=\"1fa1394b-aa7d-4e35-ba1b-74d51ffa7f89\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/7f5c8c73-4050-4623-9f74-04bee16498f2/Strength%20reduction%20factors%20-%20ACI.png\" data-asset-id=\"1fa1394b-aa7d-4e35-ba1b-74d51ffa7f89\" data-image-id=\"1fa1394b-aa7d-4e35-ba1b-74d51ffa7f89\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>\\[ \\textsf{\\textit{footnotesize{Fig. 44\\qquad Ajuste de los factores de reducción de resistencia en IDEA StatiCa Detail.}}]</em></p>\n<p>Los<strong>factores de carga</strong> para las combinaciones de resistencia se definirán de acuerdo con ACI 318-19 Tabla 5.3.1.</p>\n<p>Excepto lo indicado en el Capítulo 34, las combinaciones de carga a nivel de servicio no están definidas en ACI 318-19. Se recomienda utilizar reglas de combinación basadas en el Apéndice C de ASCE/SEI 7-16. Para todas las plantillas, los factores de carga ya están predefinidos.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"fe8369c9-e929-4d00-b389-fa2c8d9c0cca\" data-image-id=\"fe8369c9-e929-4d00-b389-fa2c8d9c0cca\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/db9f1517-72eb-45bd-9f0c-6c748d7c9146/Load%20factors%20-%20ACI.png\" data-asset-id=\"fe8369c9-e929-4d00-b389-fa2c8d9c0cca\" data-image-id=\"fe8369c9-e929-4d00-b389-fa2c8d9c0cca\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>\\[ \\textsf{\\textit{footnotesize{Fig. 45\\qquad La configuración de factores de carga en Idea StatiCa Detail.}}]</em></p>"
},
"regions": {
"name": "Region",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "AMER",
"codename": "amer"
},
{
"name": "EMEA",
"codename": "emea"
},
{
"name": "APAC",
"codename": "apac"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "region"
},
"product_groups": {
"name": "Product group",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Concrete",
"codename": "concrete"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "product_group"
},
"support_center_article_types": {
"name": "Support center article",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Knowledge base",
"codename": "knowledgebase_article"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "support_center_article"
},
"expertise_levels": {
"name": "Expertise level",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "expertise_level"
},
"labels": {
"name": "Labels",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Detail 2D",
"codename": "detail"
},
{
"name": "EN (Eurocode)",
"codename": "eurocode"
},
{
"name": "Cracks",
"codename": "cracks"
},
{
"name": "Reinforcement",
"codename": "reinforcement"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "labels"
},
"linked_items": {
"name": "Linked items",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [
"detail_theoretical_background",
"reinforcement_template_in_idea_statica_detail",
"n2022_03_16_code_check_of_walls_and_deep_beams"
],
"linkedItems": [
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Main headline (H1)",
"type": "text",
"value": "IDEA StatiCa Detail – Structural design of concrete discontinuities"
},
"preview_image": {
"name": "Preview image",
"type": "asset",
"value": [
{
"name": "Structural design of concrete members in IDEA StatiCa Detail.png",
"description": null,
"type": "image/png",
"size": 163091,
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/7885cdc1-8e4a-4744-834e-72ea84ebbaf4/Structural%20design%20of%20concrete%20members%20in%20IDEA%20StatiCa%20Detail.png",
"width": 1200,
"height": 630,
"renditions": {}
}
]
},
"post_date": {
"name": "Post date",
"type": "date_time",
"value": null,
"displayTimeZone": null
},
"perex_content": {
"name": "Lead paragraph",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"content": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [
"cdb17447_c070_01e2_1868_5c93c7251a4c",
"n4bcb2f0b_7383_010b_62f3_4436f719f938",
"n629861c9_4749_01c9_91dd_65dd5c708245",
"n8c1341d1_edce_0175_23df_7ea947f7a9d9",
"theoretical_background_detail___general___finite_e",
"n61511896_8acd_0196_f8fb_6e63bbebccd5",
"d6bad769_e632_0191_97c9_24b4a061bb3a",
"ab526be1_f133_01fb_b0bd_46acfd258f99",
"ec938fd0_e352_0162_8f9f_c0a6d1d97a2b",
"theoretical_background_detail___finite_element_typ",
"n4a0372b9_1e05_016c_d262_a340d921d273",
"n2f94d4e9_7013_01de_3046_66ee8ff97945",
"n5a7b0ae9_80a0_01d4_187b_223185df4f64",
"n89d6744c_775b_0188_c550_bd58c34aca49",
"n84551104_4716_01b3_2661_a33671e672e4",
"e2922991_2d4f_01b7_5c69_db02b78d2725",
"n5fdc9c6e_d109_0126_a311_d9521c50c167",
"c9c4750e_ba89_01a4_512b_90bb78915c0b",
"n5faa75ec_67de_018e_11e9_a393dfef4d18",
"e1f0c5c5_9dff_01e5_e38a_1f18b65c7441",
"f2868ffa_224a_0186_8cdc_2705a1bdf957",
"theoretical_background_detail___factors___aci",
"n8ddf022c_a92f_01f8_1ee9_04eb823e80b5",
"d1f8707b_966e_01d5_5c42_4318a980fccb",
"f6c353a5_88bf_0166_aec5_12ad2979125f",
"de32c6b6_4392_0114_385a_1b749e8bfbee",
"d485cadd_6bc3_01f5_0594_18b585741fe9"
],
"linkedItems": [
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "General introduction"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "general-introduction"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "cdb17447_c070_01e2_1868_5c93c7251a4c",
"collection": "default",
"id": "cdb17447-c070-01e2-1868-5c93c7251a4c",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "cdb17447-c070-01e2-1868-5c93c7251a4c",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Main assumptions and limitations"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "main-assumptions-and-limitations"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n4bcb2f0b_7383_010b_62f3_4436f719f938",
"collection": "default",
"id": "4bcb2f0b-7383-010b-62f3-4436f719f938",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "4bcb2f0b-7383-010b-62f3-4436f719f938",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Design tools for reinforcement"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "design-tools-for-reinforcement"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n629861c9_4749_01c9_91dd_65dd5c708245",
"collection": "default",
"id": "629861c9-4749-01c9-91dd-65dd5c708245",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "629861c9-4749-01c9-91dd-65dd5c708245",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Introduction to finite element implementation"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "introduction-to-finite-element-implementation"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n8c1341d1_edce_0175_23df_7ea947f7a9d9",
"collection": "default",
"id": "8c1341d1-edce-0175-23df-7ea947f7a9d9",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "8c1341d1-edce-0175-23df-7ea947f7a9d9",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Main headline (H1)",
"type": "text",
"value": "Introducción a la aplicación de elementos finitos"
},
"preview_image": {
"name": "Preview image",
"type": "asset",
"value": [
{
"name": "Finite element implementation in IDEA StatiCa Detail.png",
"description": null,
"type": "image/png",
"size": 481046,
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/0388381a-906d-48f1-a5b2-ce00188fded9/Finite%20element%20implementation%20in%20IDEA%20StatiCa%20Detail.png",
"width": 1200,
"height": 630,
"renditions": {}
}
]
},
"post_date": {
"name": "Post date",
"type": "date_time",
"value": null,
"displayTimeZone": null
},
"perex_content": {
"name": "Lead paragraph",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"content": {
"images": [
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "9e86fe68-36a5-433d-9451-40d2b5078b86",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/3f70008c-0c34-4dbe-8219-4d8aa7079bb5/Visualization%20of%20the%20calculation%20model.png",
"height": 562,
"width": 847
}
],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [
{
"codename": "untitled_content_item_a11adc2",
"linkId": "a11adc2d-9c84-4667-8061-600660e1ad87",
"urlSlug": "concrete-walls-challenge-or-routine",
"type": "blog_post"
}
],
"name": "Content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p>El CSFM considera campos de tensión continuos en el hormigón (elementos finitos 2D), complementados por elementos discretos de \"varilla\" que representan la armadura (elementos finitos 1D). Por lo tanto, la armadura no se incrusta difusamente en los elementos finitos 2D del hormigón, sino que se modela explícitamente y se conecta a ellos. En el modelo de cálculo se considera un estado de tensiones plano.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"9e86fe68-36a5-433d-9451-40d2b5078b86\" data-image-id=\"9e86fe68-36a5-433d-9451-40d2b5078b86\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/3f70008c-0c34-4dbe-8219-4d8aa7079bb5/Visualization%20of%20the%20calculation%20model.png\" data-asset-id=\"9e86fe68-36a5-433d-9451-40d2b5078b86\" data-image-id=\"9e86fe68-36a5-433d-9451-40d2b5078b86\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>\\[ \\textsf{\\textit{footnotesize{Fig. 6\\qquad Visualización del modelo de cálculo de un elemento estructural (viga recortada) en Idea StatiCa Detail.}}]</em></p>\n<p>Se pueden modelizar tanto <a data-item-id=\"a11adc2d-9c84-4667-8061-600660e1ad87\" href=\"\">muros</a> y vigas enteras, como detalles (partes) de vigas (región de discontinuidad aislada, también llamada extremo recortado). En el caso de muros y vigas enteras, los apoyos deben definirse de tal manera que resulte una estructura (externamente) isostática (estáticamente determinada) o hiperestática (estáticamente indeterminada). La transferencia de carga en los extremos recortados de las vigas se introduce mediante una zona de transferencia especial de Saint-Venant, que garantiza una distribución de tensiones realista en la región de detalle analizada.</p>"
},
"regions": {
"name": "Region",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "AMER",
"codename": "amer"
},
{
"name": "EMEA",
"codename": "emea"
},
{
"name": "APAC",
"codename": "apac"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "region"
},
"product_groups": {
"name": "Product group",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Concrete",
"codename": "concrete"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "product_group"
},
"support_center_article_types": {
"name": "Support center article",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Knowledge base",
"codename": "knowledgebase_article"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "support_center_article"
},
"expertise_levels": {
"name": "Expertise level",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "expertise_level"
},
"labels": {
"name": "Labels",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Detail 2D",
"codename": "detail"
},
{
"name": "ACI (USA)",
"codename": "aci__usa_"
},
{
"name": "EN (Eurocode)",
"codename": "eurocode"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "labels"
},
"linked_items": {
"name": "Linked items",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [],
"linkedItems": []
},
"attachments__files": {
"name": "Attachments",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"content_priority__value": {
"name": "Content priority value",
"type": "number",
"value": 7100
},
"options": {
"name": "Options",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"url_slug": {
"name": "Url slug",
"type": "url_slug",
"value": "finite-element-implementation"
},
"unique_url_slug": {
"name": "Unique URL slug",
"type": "custom",
"value": "[\"finite-element-implementation\",\"[autogenerated]\"]"
},
"content_settings__sitemap": {
"name": "Show in sitemap",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__robots": {
"name": "Search engine indexing",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__is_hidden": {
"name": "Hidden nested content",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": [
{
"name": "yes",
"codename": "yes"
}
]
},
"metadata__page_title": {
"name": "Page title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Implementación de elementos finitos en IDEA StatiCa Detalle"
},
"metadata__page_description": {
"name": "Page description",
"type": "text",
"value": "Descripción detallada de la implementación de elementos finitos en IDEA StatiCa Detail. IDEA StatiCa Detail - un software de diseño de hormigón."
},
"metadata__page_keywords": {
"name": "Page keywords",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__canonical_url": {
"name": "Canonical URL",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_title": {
"name": "OG:title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_description": {
"name": "OG:description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_image": {
"name": "OG:image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__page_label": {
"name": "Page label",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__path_segment": {
"name": "Path segment",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__breadcrumb_style": {
"name": "Breadcrumb style",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__hide_in_breadcrumbs": {
"name": "Hide in breadcrumbs",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "theoretical_background_detail___general___finite_e",
"collection": "default",
"id": "1638f9e0-9e47-421b-9191-15d040e77c8a",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-08-04T14:09:50.8925123Z",
"name": "Theoretical background Detail - General - Finite element implementation",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "support_center_article",
"workflowStep": "published",
"workflow": "default"
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Supports and load transmitting components"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "supports-and-load-transmitting-components"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n61511896_8acd_0196_f8fb_6e63bbebccd5",
"collection": "default",
"id": "61511896-8acd-0196-f8fb-6e63bbebccd5",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "61511896-8acd-0196-f8fb-6e63bbebccd5",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Load transfer at trimmed ends of beams"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "load-transfer-at-trimmed-ends-of-beams"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "d6bad769_e632_0191_97c9_24b4a061bb3a",
"collection": "default",
"id": "d6bad769-e632-0191-97c9-24b4a061bb3a",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "d6bad769-e632-0191-97c9-24b4a061bb3a",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Geometric modification of cross-sections"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "geometric-modification-of-cross-sections"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "ab526be1_f133_01fb_b0bd_46acfd258f99",
"collection": "default",
"id": "ab526be1-f133-01fb-b0bd-46acfd258f99",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "ab526be1-f133-01fb-b0bd-46acfd258f99",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Finite element types"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "finite-element-types"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "ec938fd0_e352_0162_8f9f_c0a6d1d97a2b",
"collection": "default",
"id": "ec938fd0-e352-0162-8f9f-c0a6d1d97a2b",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "ec938fd0-e352-0162-8f9f-c0a6d1d97a2b",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Main headline (H1)",
"type": "text",
"value": "Finite element types"
},
"preview_image": {
"name": "Preview image",
"type": "asset",
"value": [
{
"name": "finite elements.png",
"description": null,
"type": "image/png",
"size": 219517,
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/48fa7d1e-4cae-4946-924d-ec19029fa362/finite%20elements.png",
"width": 1230,
"height": 630,
"renditions": {}
}
]
},
"post_date": {
"name": "Post date",
"type": "date_time",
"value": null,
"displayTimeZone": null
},
"perex_content": {
"name": "Lead paragraph",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"content": {
"images": [
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "03fd72f4-b362-492a-8885-349785eaa70a",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/511cc4d5-618a-4542-ac53-52a29549070f/Finite%20element%20model.png",
"height": 449,
"width": 1177
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "a031a0ff-a5a7-4a37-b59f-cb1c408f080b",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/1cc20fd2-92d7-42dc-ac17-24f318cbd45c/Bond.PNG",
"height": 707,
"width": 1773
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "6e05f6d3-2d4c-4c6c-90f0-89e34117415c",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/748b5346-4251-4154-b923-919c94d0c6d0/Model%20for%20the%20reduction%20of%20the%20anchorage%20length.PNG",
"height": 702,
"width": 1792
}
],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p>The non-linear (inelastic) finite element analysis model is created by several types of finite elements used to model concrete, reinforcement, and the bond between them. Concrete and reinforcement elements are first meshed independently and then connected to each other using multi-point constraints (MPC elements). This allows the reinforcement to occupy an arbitrary, relative position in relation to the concrete. If anchorage length verification is to be calculated, bond and anchorage end spring elements are inserted between the reinforcement and the MPC elements.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"03fd72f4-b362-492a-8885-349785eaa70a\" data-image-id=\"03fd72f4-b362-492a-8885-349785eaa70a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/511cc4d5-618a-4542-ac53-52a29549070f/Finite%20element%20model.png\" data-asset-id=\"03fd72f4-b362-492a-8885-349785eaa70a\" data-image-id=\"03fd72f4-b362-492a-8885-349785eaa70a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>\\[ \\textsf{\\textit{\\footnotesize{Fig. 13\\qquad Finite element model: reinforcement elements mapped to concrete mesh using MPC elements and bond elements.}}}\\]</em></p>\n<h3>Concrete</h3>\n<p>Concrete is modeled using quadrilateral and trilateral shell elements, CQUAD4 and CTRIA3. These can be defined by four or three nodes, respectively. Only plane stress is assumed to exist in these elements, i.e., stresses or strains in the z-direction are not considered.</p>\n<p>Each element has four or three integration points which are placed at approximately 1/4 of its size. At each integration point in every element, the directions of principal strains α<sub>1</sub>, α<sub>2</sub> are calculated. In both of these directions, the principal stresses σ<em><sub>c</sub></em><sub>1</sub>, σ<em><sub>c</sub></em><sub>2</sub> and stiffnesses <em>E</em><sub>1</sub>, <em>E</em><sub>2</sub> are evaluated according to the specified concrete stress-strain diagram, as per Fig. 2. It should be noted that the impact of the compression softening effect couples the behavior of the main compressive direction to the actual state of the other principal direction.</p>\n<h3>Reinforcement</h3>\n<p>Rebars are modeled by two-node 1D “rod” elements (CROD), which only have axial stiffness. These elements are connected to special “bond” elements which were developed in order to model the slip behavior between a reinforcing bar and the surrounding concrete. These bond elements are subsequently connected by MPC (multi-point constraint) elements to the mesh representing the concrete. This approach allows the independent meshing of reinforcement and concrete, while their interconnection is ensured later.</p>\n<h3>Bond elements</h3>\n<p>The anchorage length is verified by implementing the bond shear stresses between concrete elements (2D) and reinforcing bar elements (1D) in the finite element model. To this end, a “bond” finite element type was developed.</p>\n<p>The definition of the bond element is similar to that of a shell element (CQUAD4). It is also defined by 4 nodes, but in contrast to a shell, it only has a non-zero stiffness in shear between the two upper and two lower nodes. In the model, the upper nodes are connected to the elements representing reinforcement and the lower nodes to those representing concrete. The behavior of this element is described by the bond stress, τ<em><sub>b</sub></em>, as a bilinear function of the slip between the upper and lower nodes, δ<em><sub>u</sub></em>, see Fig. 14.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"a031a0ff-a5a7-4a37-b59f-cb1c408f080b\" data-image-id=\"a031a0ff-a5a7-4a37-b59f-cb1c408f080b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/1cc20fd2-92d7-42dc-ac17-24f318cbd45c/Bond.PNG\" data-asset-id=\"a031a0ff-a5a7-4a37-b59f-cb1c408f080b\" data-image-id=\"a031a0ff-a5a7-4a37-b59f-cb1c408f080b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>\\[ \\textsf{\\textit{\\footnotesize{Fig. 14\\qquad (a) conceptual illustration of the deformation of a bond element; (b) a stress-deformation function.}}}\\]</em></p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>The elastic stiffness modulus of the bond-slip relationship, <em>G</em><em><sub>b</sub></em>, is defined as follows:</p>\n<p>\\[G_b = k_g \\cdot \\frac{E_c}{Ø}\\]</p>\n<p>where:</p>\n<p><em>k</em><em><sub>g</sub></em> coefficient depending on the reinforcing bar surface (by default <em>k</em><em><sub>g</sub></em><sub> </sub>= 0.2)</p>\n<p><em>E</em><em><sub>c</sub></em> modulus of elasticity of concrete (taken as <em>E</em><em><sub>cm</sub></em> in case of EN)</p>\n<p>Ø the diameter of the reinforcing bar</p>\n<p>The design values (factored values) of ultimate bond shear stress, <em>f</em><em><sub>bd</sub></em>, provided in the respective selected design codes EN 1992-1-1 or ACI 318-19 are used to verify the anchorage length. The hardening of the plastic branch is calculated by default as <em>G</em><em><sub>b</sub></em>/10<sup>5</sup>.</p>\n<h3>Anchorage spring</h3>\n<p>The provision of anchorage ends to the reinforcing bars (i.e., bends, hooks, loops…), which fulfills the prescriptions of design codes, allows the reduction of the basic anchorage length of the bars (<em>l</em><em><sub>b,net</sub></em>) by a certain factor β (referred to as the ‘anchorage coefficient’ below). The design value of the anchorage length (<em>l</em><em><sub>b</sub></em>) is then calculated as follows:</p>\n<p>\\[l_b = \\left(1 - \\beta\\right)l_{b,net}\\]</p>\n<p>The intended reduction in <em>l</em><em><sub>b,net</sub></em> is equivalent to the activation of the reinforcing bar at its end at a percentage of its maximum capacity given by the anchorage reduction coefficient, as shown in Fig. 15a.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"6e05f6d3-2d4c-4c6c-90f0-89e34117415c\" data-image-id=\"6e05f6d3-2d4c-4c6c-90f0-89e34117415c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/748b5346-4251-4154-b923-919c94d0c6d0/Model%20for%20the%20reduction%20of%20the%20anchorage%20length.PNG\" data-asset-id=\"6e05f6d3-2d4c-4c6c-90f0-89e34117415c\" data-image-id=\"6e05f6d3-2d4c-4c6c-90f0-89e34117415c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><em>\\[ \\textsf{\\textit{\\footnotesize{Fig. 15\\qquad Model for the reduction of the anchorage length:}}}\\]</em></p>\n<p><em>\\[ \\textsf{\\textit{\\footnotesize{(a) anchorage force along the anchorage length of the reinforcing bar; (b) slip-anchorage force constitutive relationship.}}}\\]</em></p>\n<p>The reduction of the anchorage length is included in the finite element model by means of a spring element at the end of the bar (Fig. 15), which is defined by the constitutive model shown in Fig. 15b. The maximum force transmitted by this spring (<em>F</em><em><sub>au</sub></em>) is:</p>\n<p>\\[F_{au} = \\beta \\cdot A_s \\cdot f_{yd}\\]</p>\n<p>where :</p>\n<p><em>β</em> the anchorage coefficient based on anchorage type,</p>\n<p><em>A</em><em><sub>s</sub></em> the cross-section of the reinforcing bar,</p>\n<p><em>f</em><em><sub>yd</sub></em><em> </em> the design value (factored value) of the yield strength of the reinforcement.</p>"
},
"regions": {
"name": "Region",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "AMER",
"codename": "amer"
},
{
"name": "EMEA",
"codename": "emea"
},
{
"name": "APAC",
"codename": "apac"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "region"
},
"product_groups": {
"name": "Product group",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Concrete",
"codename": "concrete"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "product_group"
},
"support_center_article_types": {
"name": "Support center article",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Knowledge base",
"codename": "knowledgebase_article"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "support_center_article"
},
"expertise_levels": {
"name": "Expertise level",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "expertise_level"
},
"labels": {
"name": "Labels",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Detail 2D",
"codename": "detail"
},
{
"name": "ACI (USA)",
"codename": "aci__usa_"
},
{
"name": "EN (Eurocode)",
"codename": "eurocode"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "labels"
},
"linked_items": {
"name": "Linked items",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [],
"linkedItems": []
},
"attachments__files": {
"name": "Attachments",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"content_priority__value": {
"name": "Content priority value",
"type": "number",
"value": 7100
},
"options": {
"name": "Options",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"url_slug": {
"name": "Url slug",
"type": "url_slug",
"value": "finite-element-types"
},
"unique_url_slug": {
"name": "Unique URL slug",
"type": "custom",
"value": "[\"finite-element-types\",\"[autogenerated]\"]"
},
"content_settings__sitemap": {
"name": "Show in sitemap",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__robots": {
"name": "Search engine indexing",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__is_hidden": {
"name": "Hidden nested content",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"metadata__page_title": {
"name": "Page title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__page_description": {
"name": "Page description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__page_keywords": {
"name": "Page keywords",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__canonical_url": {
"name": "Canonical URL",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_title": {
"name": "OG:title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_description": {
"name": "OG:description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_image": {
"name": "OG:image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__page_label": {
"name": "Page label",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__path_segment": {
"name": "Path segment",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__breadcrumb_style": {
"name": "Breadcrumb style",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__hide_in_breadcrumbs": {
"name": "Hide in breadcrumbs",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "theoretical_background_detail___finite_element_typ",
"collection": "default",
"id": "85424e98-41cd-4bdd-a978-e4b540a10be5",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-08-04T13:16:26.9490609Z",
"name": "Theoretical background Detail - Finite element types",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "support_center_article",
"workflowStep": "published",
"workflow": "default"
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Meshing"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "meshing"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n4a0372b9_1e05_016c_d262_a340d921d273",
"collection": "default",
"id": "4a0372b9-1e05-016c-d262-a340d921d273",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "4a0372b9-1e05-016c-d262-a340d921d273",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Solution method and load control algorithm"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "solution-method-and-load-control-algorithm"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n2f94d4e9_7013_01de_3046_66ee8ff97945",
"collection": "default",
"id": "2f94d4e9-7013-01de-3046-66ee8ff97945",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "2f94d4e9-7013-01de-3046-66ee8ff97945",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Presentation of results"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "presentation-of-results"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n5a7b0ae9_80a0_01d4_187b_223185df4f64",
"collection": "default",
"id": "5a7b0ae9-80a0-01d4-187b-223185df4f64",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "5a7b0ae9-80a0-01d4-187b-223185df4f64",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Limit states and crack width calculation"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "limit-states-and-crack-width-calculation"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n89d6744c_775b_0188_c550_bd58c34aca49",
"collection": "default",
"id": "89d6744c-775b-0188-c550-bd58c34aca49",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "89d6744c-775b-0188-c550-bd58c34aca49",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Material models EN"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "material-models-en"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n84551104_4716_01b3_2661_a33671e672e4",
"collection": "default",
"id": "84551104-4716-01b3-2661-a33671e672e4",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "84551104-4716-01b3-2661-a33671e672e4",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Safety factors"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "safety-factors"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "e2922991_2d4f_01b7_5c69_db02b78d2725",
"collection": "default",
"id": "e2922991-2d4f-01b7-5c69-db02b78d2725",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "e2922991-2d4f-01b7-5c69-db02b78d2725",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Ultimate limit state analysis"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "ultimate-limit-state-analysis"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n5fdc9c6e_d109_0126_a311_d9521c50c167",
"collection": "default",
"id": "5fdc9c6e-d109-0126-a311-d9521c50c167",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "5fdc9c6e-d109-0126-a311-d9521c50c167",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Partially loaded areas (PLA)"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "partially-loaded-areas"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "c9c4750e_ba89_01a4_512b_90bb78915c0b",
"collection": "default",
"id": "c9c4750e-ba89-01a4-512b-90bb78915c0b",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "c9c4750e-ba89-01a4-512b-90bb78915c0b",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Serviceability limit state analysis"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "serviceability-limit-state-analysis"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n5faa75ec_67de_018e_11e9_a393dfef4d18",
"collection": "default",
"id": "5faa75ec-67de-018e-11e9-a393dfef4d18",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "5faa75ec-67de-018e-11e9-a393dfef4d18",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Material models (ACI)"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "material-models-aci"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "e1f0c5c5_9dff_01e5_e38a_1f18b65c7441",
"collection": "default",
"id": "e1f0c5c5-9dff-01e5-e38a-1f18b65c7441",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "e1f0c5c5-9dff-01e5-e38a-1f18b65c7441",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Strength reduction and load factors"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "strength-reduction-and-load-factors"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "f2868ffa_224a_0186_8cdc_2705a1bdf957",
"collection": "default",
"id": "f2868ffa-224a-0186-8cdc-2705a1bdf957",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "f2868ffa-224a-0186-8cdc-2705a1bdf957",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": "[Circular Reference]",
"system": {
"codename": "theoretical_background_detail___factors___aci",
"collection": "default",
"id": "bc990646-f698-490d-851e-4ab70850a3bc",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-08-04T14:16:11.7661916Z",
"name": "Theoretical background Detail - Strength reduction and load factors - ACI",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "support_center_article",
"workflowStep": "published",
"workflow": "default"
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Strength verifications"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "strength-verifications"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n8ddf022c_a92f_01f8_1ee9_04eb823e80b5",
"collection": "default",
"id": "8ddf022c-a92f-01f8-1ee9-04eb823e80b5",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "8ddf022c-a92f-01f8-1ee9-04eb823e80b5",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Bearing and anchorage zones - Partially loaded areas"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "bearing-and-anchorage-zones-partially-loaded-areas"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "d1f8707b_966e_01d5_5c42_4318a980fccb",
"collection": "default",
"id": "d1f8707b-966e-01d5-5c42-4318a980fccb",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "d1f8707b-966e-01d5-5c42-4318a980fccb",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Serviceability verifications"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "serviceability-verifications"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "f6c353a5_88bf_0166_aec5_12ad2979125f",
"collection": "default",
"id": "f6c353a5-88bf-0166-aec5-12ad2979125f",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "f6c353a5-88bf-0166-aec5-12ad2979125f",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Prestressing in Detail - Model description"
},
"id": {
"name": "ID",
"type": "text",
"value": "prestressing-in-detail-model-description"
},
"printable_anchor": {
"name": "Printable anchor used in PDF content table",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "de32c6b6_4392_0114_385a_1b749e8bfbee",
"collection": "default",
"id": "de32c6b6-4392-0114-385a-1b749e8bfbee",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "de32c6b6-4392-0114-385a-1b749e8bfbee",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_anchor_target",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"event_id": {
"name": "Event ID",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"description_top": {
"name": "Description before",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"link_text": {
"name": "Link text",
"type": "text",
"value": "Start FREE trial"
},
"link_url": {
"name": "Link URL",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"content_item_link": {
"name": "Content Item Link",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [
"landing_page_role_navigation"
],
"linkedItems": [
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Main headline (H1)",
"type": "text",
"value": "Empieza a usar IDEAStatica GRATIS"
},
"subtitle": {
"name": "Subtitle",
"type": "text",
"value": "Cuéntanos más sobre ti para que podamos ofrecerte la licencia gratuita más adecuada para explorar IDEA StatiCa"
},
"breadcrumbs_page_title": {
"name": "Breadcrumbs page title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"breadcrumbs_parent": {
"name": "Breadcrumbs parent",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [],
"linkedItems": []
},
"content": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"shared_content": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Shared content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"design": {
"name": "Design",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"header_link": {
"name": "Header link",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"header_content_item_link": {
"name": "Header Content Item Link",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [],
"linkedItems": []
},
"header_cross_links": {
"name": "Header cross links",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [],
"linkedItems": []
},
"header_content": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Header content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"header_title": {
"name": "Header title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"header_alignment": {
"name": "Header alignment",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"header_button_text": {
"name": "Header button text",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"is_breadcrumbs_hidden": {
"name": "Hide breadcrumbs",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"header_background_image": {
"name": "Background image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"header_background_image_effects": {
"name": "Background image effect",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"is_header_full_height": {
"name": "Small height header",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"header_background_video": {
"name": "Background video",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"url_slug": {
"name": "URL slug",
"type": "url_slug",
"value": "role-navigation"
},
"unique_url_slug": {
"name": "Unique URL slug",
"type": "custom",
"value": "[\"role-navigation\",\"[autogenerated]\"]"
},
"content_settings__sitemap": {
"name": "Show in sitemap",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__robots": {
"name": "Search engine indexing",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__is_hidden": {
"name": "Hidden nested content",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"metadata__page_title": {
"name": "Page title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__page_description": {
"name": "Page description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__page_keywords": {
"name": "Page keywords",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__canonical_url": {
"name": "Canonical URL",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_title": {
"name": "OG:title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_description": {
"name": "OG:description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_image": {
"name": "OG:image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__page_label": {
"name": "Page label",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__path_segment": {
"name": "Path segment",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__breadcrumb_style": {
"name": "Breadcrumb style",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__hide_in_breadcrumbs": {
"name": "Hide in breadcrumbs",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "landing_page_role_navigation",
"collection": "default",
"id": "0c872071-6a3f-4b99-8cd4-66440db9cc0d",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2023-03-18T17:57:30.4111482Z",
"name": "Free trial / EDU license request – Role-navigation",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "landing_page",
"workflowStep": "published",
"workflow": "default"
}
}
]
},
"description_bottom": {
"name": "Description after",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"button_styles": {
"name": "Button style",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": [
{
"name": "filled button",
"codename": "filled_button"
}
]
},
"button_position": {
"name": "Button position",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": [
{
"name": "center",
"codename": "center"
}
]
},
"visibleinregion": {
"name": "VisibleInRegion",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"regions": {
"name": "Region",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "region"
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "d485cadd_6bc3_01f5_0594_18b585741fe9",
"collection": "default",
"id": "d485cadd-6bc3-01f5-0594-18b585741fe9",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "d485cadd-6bc3-01f5-0594-18b585741fe9",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_cta_button",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
}
],
"links": [],
"name": "Content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>\n<p>The theoretical background is based on COMPATIBLE STRESS FIELD DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL CONCRETE<br>\n(Kaufmann et al., 2020)</p>\n<h1>Structural design of concrete discontinuities in IDEA StatiCa Detail</h1>\n<h2>Introduction to the CSFM method</h2>\n<p><a href=\"#general-introduction\">General introduction for the structural design of concrete details</a><br>\n<a href=\"#main-assumptions-and-limitations\">Main assumptions and limitations</a><br>\n<a href=\"#design-tools-for-reinforcement\">Design tools for reinforcement</a></p>\n<h2>Analysis model of IDEA StatiCa Detail</h2>\n<p><a href=\"#introduction-to-finite-element-implementation\">Introduction to finite element implementation</a><br>\n<a href=\"#supports-and-load-transmitting-components\">Supports and load transmitting components</a><br>\n<a href=\"#load-transfer-at-trimmed-ends-of-beams\">Load transfer at trimmed ends of beams</a><br>\n<a href=\"#geometric-modification-of-cross-sections\">Geometric modification of cross-sections</a><br>\n<a href=\"#finite-element-types\">Finite element types</a><br>\n<a href=\"#meshing\">Meshing</a><br>\n<a href=\"#solution-method-and-load-control-algorithm\">Solution method and load-control algorithm</a><br>\n<a href=\"#presentation-of-results\">Presentation of results</a></p>\n<h2>Model verification</h2>\n<p><a href=\"#limit-states-and-crack-width-calculation\">Limit states, crack width calculation, and Tension stiffening</a></p>\n<h3>Structural verifications according to EUROCODE</h3>\n<p>- <a href=\"#material-models-en\">Material models (EN)</a><br>\n- <a href=\"#safety-factors\">Safety factors</a><br>\n- <a href=\"#ultimate-limit-state-analysis\">Ultimate limit state analysis</a><br>\n- <a href=\"#partially-loaded-areas\">Partially loaded areas (PLA)<br>\n</a>- <a href=\"#serviceability-limit-state-analysis\">Serviceability limit state analysis</a></p>\n<h3>Structural verifications according to ACI 318-19</h3>\n<p>- <a href=\"#material-models-aci\">Material models (ACI)</a><br>\n- <a href=\"#strength-reduction-and-load-factors\">Strength reduction and load factors</a><br>\n- <a href=\"#strength-verifications\">Strength verifications</a><br>\n- <a href=\"#bearing-and-anchorage-zones-partially-loaded-areas\">Bearing and anchorage zones - Partially loaded areas<br>\n</a>- <a href=\"#serviceability-verifications\">Serviceability verifications</a></p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p><a href=\"#prestressing-in-detail-model-description\">Prestressing in Detail - Model description</a></p>\n<p><br></p>\n<h1>Introduction to the CSFM method</h1>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"cdb17447_c070_01e2_1868_5c93c7251a4c\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n4bcb2f0b_7383_010b_62f3_4436f719f938\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n629861c9_4749_01c9_91dd_65dd5c708245\"></object>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<h1>Analysis model of IDEA StatiCa Detail</h1>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n8c1341d1_edce_0175_23df_7ea947f7a9d9\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___general___finite_e\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n61511896_8acd_0196_f8fb_6e63bbebccd5\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"d6bad769_e632_0191_97c9_24b4a061bb3a\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"ab526be1_f133_01fb_b0bd_46acfd258f99\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"ec938fd0_e352_0162_8f9f_c0a6d1d97a2b\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___finite_element_typ\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n4a0372b9_1e05_016c_d262_a340d921d273\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n2f94d4e9_7013_01de_3046_66ee8ff97945\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n5a7b0ae9_80a0_01d4_187b_223185df4f64\"></object>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<h1>Model verification</h1>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n89d6744c_775b_0188_c550_bd58c34aca49\"></object>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<h1>Structural verifications according to Eurocode</h1>\n<p>Assessment of the structure using CSFM is performed by two different analyses: one for serviceability, and one for ultimate limit state load combinations. The serviceability analysis assumes that the ultimate behavior of the element is satisfactory, and the yield conditions of the material will not be reached at serviceability load levels. This approach enables the use of simplified constitutive models (with a linear branch of concrete stress-strain diagram) for serviceability analysis to enhance numerical stability and calculation speed.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n84551104_4716_01b3_2661_a33671e672e4\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"e2922991_2d4f_01b7_5c69_db02b78d2725\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n5fdc9c6e_d109_0126_a311_d9521c50c167\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"c9c4750e_ba89_01a4_512b_90bb78915c0b\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n5faa75ec_67de_018e_11e9_a393dfef4d18\"></object>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<h1>Structural verifications according to ACI 318-19</h1>\n<p>Assessment of the structure using the CSFM is performed by two different analyses: one for serviceability, and one for strength load combinations. The serviceability analysis assumes that the behavior under factored loads is satisfactory, and the yield conditions of the material will not be reached at serviceability load levels. This approach enables the use of simplified constitutive models (with a linear branch of concrete stress-strain diagram) for serviceability analysis to enhance numerical stability and calculation speed.</p>\n<p>CSFM is in accordance with ACI 318-19, chapter 6.8.1.1. In order for the CSFM to meet the requirements from ACI 318-19 Section 6.8.1.2, a lot of verification testing was done at various universities. Individual articles summarizing the results of verification and validation can be found at the following link.</p>\n<ul>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center-verifications?label=detail\">Verifications: Detail 2D</a></li>\n</ul>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"e1f0c5c5_9dff_01e5_e38a_1f18b65c7441\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"f2868ffa_224a_0186_8cdc_2705a1bdf957\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"theoretical_background_detail___factors___aci\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n8ddf022c_a92f_01f8_1ee9_04eb823e80b5\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"d1f8707b_966e_01d5_5c42_4318a980fccb\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"f6c353a5_88bf_0166_aec5_12ad2979125f\"></object>\n<p><br></p>\n<h1>Structural verifications according to Australian standard AS 3600 (2018)</h1>\n<p>Assessment of the structure using the CSFM is performed by two different analyses: one for serviceability, and one for strength load combinations. The serviceability analysis assumes that the behavior under factored loads is satisfactory, and the yield conditions of the material will not be reached at serviceability load levels. This approach enables the use of simplified constitutive models (with a linear branch of concrete stress-strain diagram) for serviceability analysis to enhance numerical stability and calculation speed.</p>\n<p>The CSFM is a structural analysis method that satisfies the general rules in Chapters 6.1.1 and 6.1.2 and is defined as (f) non-linear stress analysis in Chapter 6.1.3 - further in Chapter 6.6. </p>\n<p>The analysis by CSFM takes into account all relevant non-linear and inelastic effects (except shrinkage) defined in 6.6.3. </p>\n<p>In order to satisfy the requirements in Sections 6.6.4 and 6.6.5 - more can be found in AS3600:2018 Sup 1:2022 Section C6.6 - verification and validations of the method were done at various universities. Individual articles summarizing the results of verification and validation can be found at the following link.</p>\n<ul>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center-verifications?label=detail\">Verifications: Detail 2D</a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>Since IDEA StatiCa Detail is a practical design program, factored characteristic compressive cylinder strength at 28 days <em>f'</em><em><sub>c</sub></em> is used for calculations as is described in the next chapter.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<p><br></p>\n<h1>Prestressing - model description</h1>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"de32c6b6_4392_0114_385a_1b749e8bfbee\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"d485cadd_6bc3_01f5_0594_18b585741fe9\"></object>\n<h1><br></h1>\n<h1>References</h1>\n<p>ACI Committee 318. 2019. <em>Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-19) and Commentary</em>. Farmington Hills, MI: American Concrete Institute.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Alvarez, Manuel. 1998. <em>Einfluss des Verbundverhaltens auf das Verformungsvermögen von Stahlbeton</em>. IBK Bericht 236. Basel: Institut für Baustatik und Konstruktion, ETH Zurich, Birkhäuser Verlag.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Beeby, A. W. 1979. “The Prediction of Crack Widths in Hardened Concrete.” <em>The Structural Engineer</em> 57A (1): 9–17.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Broms, Bengt B. 1965. “Crack Width and Crack Spacing In Reinforced Concrete Members.” <em>ACI Journal Proceedings</em> 62 (10): 1237–56. https://doi.org/10.14359/7742.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Burns, C.. 2012. “Serviceability Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Members Based on the Tension Chord Model.” IBK Report Nr. 342, Zurich, Switzerland: ETH Zurich.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Crisfield, M. A. 1997. <em>Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis of Solids and Structures</em>. Wiley.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2015. <em>1 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings</em>. Brussels: CEN, 2005.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Fernández Ruiz, M., and A. Muttoni. 2007. “On Development of Suitable Stress Fields for Structural Concrete.” <em>ACI Structural Journal</em> 104 (4): 495–502.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Kaufmann, W., J. Mata-Falcón, M. Weber, T. Galkovski, D. Thong Tran, J. Kabelac, M. Konecny, J. Navratil, M. Cihal, and P. Komarkova. 2020. “<em>Compatible Stress Field Design Of Structural Concrete</em>. Berlin, Germany.”AZ Druck und Datentechnik GmbH, ISBN 978-3-906916-95-8.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Kaufmann, W., and P. Marti. 1998. “Structural Concrete: Cracked Membrane Model.” <em>Journal of Structural Engineering</em> 124 (12): 1467–75. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:12(1467).</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Kaufmann, W.. 1998. “Strength and Deformations of Structural Concrete Subjected to In-Plane Shear and Normal Forces.” Doctoral dissertation, Basel: Institut für Baustatik und Konstruktion, ETH Zürich. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7612-4.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Konečný, M., J. Kabeláč, and J. Navrátil. 2017. <em>Use of Topology Optimization in Concrete Reinforcement Design</em>. 24. Czech Concrete Days (2017). ČBS ČSSI. https://resources.ideastatica.com/Content/06_Detail/Verification/Articles/Topology_optimization_US.pdf.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Marti, P. 1985. “Truss Models in Detailing.” <em>Concrete International</em> 7 (12): 66–73.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Marti, P. 2013. <em>Theory of Structures: Fundamentals, Framed Structures, Plates and Shells</em>. First edition. Berlin, Germany: Wiley Ernst & Sohn.</p>\n<p>http://sfx.ethz.ch/sfx_locater?sid=ALEPH:EBI01&genre=book&isbn=9783433029916.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Marti, P., M.Alvarez, W. Kaufmann, and V. Sigrist. 1998. “Tension Chord Model for Structural Concrete.” <em>Structural Engineering International</em> 8 (4): 287–298.</p>\n<p>https://doi.org/10.2749/101686698780488875.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Mata-Falcón, J. 2015. “Serviceability and Ultimate Behaviour of Dapped-End Beams (In Spanish: Estudio Del Comportamiento En Servicio y Rotura de Los Apoyos a Media Madera).” PhD thesis, Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Meier, H. 1983. “Berücksichtigung Des Wirklichkeitsnahen Werkstoffverhaltens Beim Standsicherheitsnachweis Turmartiger Stahlbetonbauwerke.” Institut für Massivbau, Universität Stuttgart.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Navrátil, J., P. Ševčík, L. Michalčík, P. Foltyn, and J. Kabeláč. 2017. <em>A Solution for Walls and Details of Concrete Structures</em>. 24. Czech Concrete Days.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Schlaich, J., K. Schäfer, and M. Jennewein. 1987a. “Toward a Consistent Design of Structural Concrete.” <em>PCI Journal</em> 32 (3): 74–150.</p>\n<p><br></p>\n<p>Vecchio, F.J., and M.P. Collins. 1986. “The Modified Compression Field Theory for Reinforced Concrete Elements Subjected to Shear.” <em>ACI Journal</em> 83 (2): 219–31.</p>"
},
"regions": {
"name": "Region",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "AMER",
"codename": "amer"
},
{
"name": "EMEA",
"codename": "emea"
},
{
"name": "APAC",
"codename": "apac"
},
{
"name": "CZ/SK",
"codename": "cz_sk"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "region"
},
"product_groups": {
"name": "Product group",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Reinforced concrete",
"codename": "reinforced_concrete"
},
{
"name": "Concrete",
"codename": "concrete"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "product_group"
},
"support_center_article_types": {
"name": "Support center article",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Theoretical background",
"codename": "theoretical_background"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "support_center_article"
},
"expertise_levels": {
"name": "Expertise level",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "expertise_level"
},
"labels": {
"name": "Labels",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "ACI (USA)",
"codename": "aci__usa_"
},
{
"name": "EN (Eurocode)",
"codename": "eurocode"
},
{
"name": "Geometry",
"codename": "geometry"
},
{
"name": "Load effects",
"codename": "load_effects"
},
{
"name": "Overall check",
"codename": "check"
},
{
"name": "Material settings",
"codename": "material_settings"
},
{
"name": "Corbels/Brackets",
"codename": "corbels_brackets"
},
{
"name": "CSFM",
"codename": "csfm"
},
{
"name": "Cracks",
"codename": "cracks"
},
{
"name": "Deflections",
"codename": "deflections"
},
{
"name": "Diaphragms",
"codename": "diaphragms"
},
{
"name": "Openings",
"codename": "openings"
},
{
"name": "SLS",
"codename": "sls"
},
{
"name": "Stress in reinforcement",
"codename": "stress_in_reinforcement"
},
{
"name": "TDA",
"codename": "tda"
},
{
"name": "Topology optimization",
"codename": "topology_optimization"
},
{
"name": "ULS",
"codename": "uls"
},
{
"name": "Detail 2D",
"codename": "detail"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "labels"
},
"linked_items": {
"name": "Linked items",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [],
"linkedItems": []
},
"attachments__files": {
"name": "Attachments",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"content_priority__value": {
"name": "Content priority value",
"type": "number",
"value": 9970
},
"options": {
"name": "Options",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": [
{
"name": "Show Print Button",
"codename": "show_print_button"
},
{
"name": "Show Navigation",
"codename": "show_navigation"
}
]
},
"url_slug": {
"name": "Url slug",
"type": "url_slug",
"value": "theoretical-background-for-idea-statica-detail"
},
"unique_url_slug": {
"name": "Unique URL slug",
"type": "custom",
"value": "[\"theoretical-background-for-idea-statica-detail\",\"[autogenerated]\"]"
},
"content_settings__sitemap": {
"name": "Show in sitemap",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": [
{
"name": "default",
"codename": "default"
}
]
},
"content_settings__robots": {
"name": "Search engine indexing",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": [
{
"name": "default",
"codename": "default"
}
]
},
"content_settings__is_hidden": {
"name": "Hidden nested content",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"metadata__page_title": {
"name": "Page title",
"type": "text",
"value": "IDEA StatiCa Detail – Structural design of concrete discontinuities"
},
"metadata__page_description": {
"name": "Page description",
"type": "text",
"value": "IDEA StatiCa Detail is concrete design software for the structural design and code-check of concrete discontinuity regions. Concrete members stress analysis & concrete wall design."
},
"metadata__page_keywords": {
"name": "Page keywords",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__canonical_url": {
"name": "Canonical URL",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_title": {
"name": "OG:title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_description": {
"name": "OG:description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_image": {
"name": "OG:image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__page_label": {
"name": "Page label",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__path_segment": {
"name": "Path segment",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__breadcrumb_style": {
"name": "Breadcrumb style",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__hide_in_breadcrumbs": {
"name": "Hide in breadcrumbs",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "detail_theoretical_background",
"collection": "default",
"id": "0000c94c-b603-48c4-8d31-bc56d7c95886",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-04-10T13:51:11.2277979Z",
"name": "Theoretical background Detail",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "support_center_article",
"workflowStep": "published",
"workflow": "default"
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Main headline (H1)",
"type": "text",
"value": "Reinforcement template in IDEA StatiCa Detail"
},
"preview_image": {
"name": "Preview image",
"type": "asset",
"value": [
{
"name": "Reinforcement template in IDEA StatiCa Detail.png",
"description": null,
"type": "image/png",
"size": 307321,
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/dd1fdcca-33d9-4936-a7fa-fa3cef48aed8/Reinforcement%20template%20in%20IDEA%20StatiCa%20Detail.png",
"width": 1200,
"height": 630,
"renditions": {}
}
]
},
"post_date": {
"name": "Post date",
"type": "date_time",
"value": null,
"displayTimeZone": null
},
"perex_content": {
"name": "Lead paragraph",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"content": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [
"n87dab0fa_02f9_018b_d44f_fa0112a90202"
],
"linkedItems": [
{
"elements": {
"url": {
"name": "Video URL",
"type": "text",
"value": "https://youtu.be/DRFKxGnbl7U?t=1798"
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n87dab0fa_02f9_018b_d44f_fa0112a90202",
"collection": "default",
"id": "87dab0fa-02f9-018b-d44f-fa0112a90202",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-08-04T12:30:02.6916976Z",
"name": "87dab0fa-02f9-018b-d44f-fa0112a90202",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "video",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
}
],
"links": [],
"name": "Content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p>Nobody likes designing the reinforcement of typical concrete details again and again. With IDEA StatiCa you can reinforce your concrete detail just once and then use the reinforcement as a template for future use! </p>\n<p>The template is saved to your local disk and you can apply it whenever you want if the topology of the concrete detail is more or less similar. In order to share the templates with your colleagues, export/import buttons shall be used.</p>\n<p>Watch the recording of one of our webinars, where concrete reinforcement templates were introduced. </p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n87dab0fa_02f9_018b_d44f_fa0112a90202\"></object>"
},
"regions": {
"name": "Region",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "AMER",
"codename": "amer"
},
{
"name": "EMEA",
"codename": "emea"
},
{
"name": "APAC",
"codename": "apac"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "region"
},
"product_groups": {
"name": "Product group",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Concrete",
"codename": "concrete"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "product_group"
},
"support_center_article_types": {
"name": "Support center article",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Knowledge base",
"codename": "knowledgebase_article"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "support_center_article"
},
"expertise_levels": {
"name": "Expertise level",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Beginner",
"codename": "beginner"
},
{
"name": "Intermediate",
"codename": "intermediate"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "expertise_level"
},
"labels": {
"name": "Labels",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "ACI (USA)",
"codename": "aci__usa_"
},
{
"name": "EN (Eurocode)",
"codename": "eurocode"
},
{
"name": "Openings",
"codename": "openings"
},
{
"name": "Reinforcement",
"codename": "reinforcement"
},
{
"name": "Detail 2D",
"codename": "detail"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "labels"
},
"linked_items": {
"name": "Linked items",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [
"idea_statica_tutorial___pier_cap_from_dxf"
],
"linkedItems": [
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Main headline (H1)",
"type": "text",
"value": "Structural design of a pier cap from DXF (EN)"
},
"preview_image": {
"name": "Preview image",
"type": "asset",
"value": [
{
"name": "intro.png",
"description": null,
"type": "image/png",
"size": 170523,
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/9936a25c-6e30-4956-9da3-be35c14e7a61/intro.png",
"width": 1200,
"height": 630,
"renditions": {}
}
]
},
"post_date": {
"name": "Post date",
"type": "date_time",
"value": null,
"displayTimeZone": null
},
"perex_content": {
"name": "Lead paragraph",
"type": "text",
"value": "By following this step-by-step tutorial, you will learn how to design and code-check a pier cap by DXF references in IDEA StatiCa Detail."
},
"content": {
"images": [
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "51ba599d-8de7-4cc0-bb50-27eac77cab6c",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/fe21d78b-0647-4837-8b89-24e8ce24ca29/1_1%20New%20project.png",
"height": 1153,
"width": 1921
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "cc9ecd14-d5ec-4563-afca-429b96ad5c22",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/97919dd3-c3af-412c-a7c6-7f236eab183d/1_2%20New%20project.png",
"height": 680,
"width": 450
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "b56414c4-957f-4a00-9fd2-216223d4b60f",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/6778c05d-0b68-4c71-9e34-a83db2822936/2_1%20Geometry.png",
"height": 439,
"width": 1094
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "ed360367-4110-4723-b943-94c2958aea56",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/c7ac3717-3e8a-4d71-bef7-53a90dbb06db/2_2%20Geometry.png",
"height": 793,
"width": 986
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "49b8bcec-0c83-4f13-869a-9af90392ebf4",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/2f79bfee-8f3e-40d2-b06e-9b5f370ed524/2_3%20Geometry.png",
"height": 793,
"width": 986
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "7dabe2fa-1b90-4805-a503-8a1f665d1091",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/56914c67-b574-4458-9c75-6300515250cc/2_4%20Geometry.png",
"height": 513,
"width": 1055
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "85d75495-728d-45ce-a0c9-55f8e7da6594",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/902146d1-35d7-494d-ad33-0c533d6371d8/2_5%20Geometry.png",
"height": 938,
"width": 1387
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "28cd534b-fe6b-4603-ac41-d43e0436916f",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/6b851c91-a374-48ef-910b-f714f94bf4ae/2_6%20Geometry.png",
"height": 475,
"width": 1112
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "0bcce3af-dc3d-45e0-875e-0899ae84ff19",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/f214f09d-65b0-4caf-9a4b-42a77221348d/2_7%20Geometry.png",
"height": 810,
"width": 1386
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "9b55b426-71ca-42eb-a271-401c9c34edf5",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/50355c70-edcd-43fd-a8db-dea4af49c1f1/2_8%20Geometry.png",
"height": 492,
"width": 1069
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "53bbefc5-dda4-4ed2-81ef-d036116d43f0",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/0eac1da7-c569-4dc1-ad01-4c005e088d98/2_9%20Geometry.png",
"height": 480,
"width": 1050
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "b2f03b16-0201-4e17-b574-de607fbf91a8",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/64b6b1b0-2105-4f7d-89db-9588533f35d8/3_1%20Loads.png",
"height": 618,
"width": 1919
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "133d1a9c-9ec2-4d5c-b546-f7e6cb3e40e5",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/73eccf54-b16e-4d04-a79d-975a253174d4/3_2%20Loads.png",
"height": 689,
"width": 1103
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "7613b782-5d53-4adb-a49a-53ab1e9e90c8",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/e8e5a8b2-e039-4b6d-a19b-bd1ab5215a04/3_3%20Loads.png",
"height": 450,
"width": 1080
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "5552e8cd-23e8-462c-9e93-ae416d4aff63",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/ee28dab2-90d2-42f3-b772-475d518de122/3_4%20Loads.png",
"height": 471,
"width": 1025
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "50f3925c-d1e3-43c5-b069-28e6b57cc7ad",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/7d574c49-bd02-4af9-9011-0a3b1130d9e6/3_5%20Loads.png",
"height": 467,
"width": 1033
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "79bdbc02-821f-4f20-b7d3-37e64d2f547d",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/20e05d97-1652-4bf4-b997-f6fcda13a155/3_6%20Loads.png",
"height": 443,
"width": 1030
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "d0815179-0b84-44f0-84b0-7437351d3dc5",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/17bb129d-f8dd-4c81-97ca-18f6fb7fecc3/3_7%20Loads.png",
"height": 642,
"width": 1919
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "fa5ca9d3-4f8a-4824-b425-29a218e3a820",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/c7e8dcb4-07a9-44ba-b7db-5dae47d39f18/3_8%20Loads.png",
"height": 554,
"width": 1093
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "5b924e5f-43c1-41f0-818a-7cb1bfc7eafc",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/49282476-6070-4ee9-a3da-8ba806c532db/3_9%20Loads.png",
"height": 582,
"width": 1060
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "3bc7fadd-3912-48f8-8000-0d91cb0af453",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/87b44d74-eede-4ef9-aab9-5b75c7ad351b/3_10%20Loads.png",
"height": 835,
"width": 1138
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "f5126442-836e-4f7b-929a-d56d2b4c1162",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/e51e193e-5772-4e02-9724-efe612a9955f/4_1%20Reinforcement.png",
"height": 443,
"width": 1136
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "2e870d3c-beb7-4d83-96f3-92739983e310",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/7433e93f-9795-495a-a20d-9e4f2ef5f1d5/4_3%20Reinforcement.png",
"height": 786,
"width": 981
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "33ec1295-68ad-494c-a3c3-a5f71e4f89cc",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/522a97b6-22e0-4aa6-956d-ea0b8ffb70ee/4_4%20Reinforcement.png",
"height": 745,
"width": 1255
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "fa4a932c-e111-4839-a1c5-55cbb6c7975b",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/3027cb33-110c-4b80-a470-01af1345750a/4_5%20Reinforcement.png",
"height": 784,
"width": 1115
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "26fd362e-faa0-46f2-bee8-f94379378482",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/233bba37-5214-421f-9646-9fa9cf49e2ca/4_6%20Reinforcement.png",
"height": 742,
"width": 1212
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "53ae292c-4fb6-4f31-b595-85c4fc4c8c29",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/2a628132-4994-469e-9917-872f31fcbc0b/4_7%20Reinforcement.png",
"height": 786,
"width": 1223
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "293450a5-ac45-42f9-99f6-fff86ba8cde1",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/a78bd3ba-73dd-4b26-98a0-692b54ad5b09/4_8%20Reinforcement.png",
"height": 761,
"width": 1218
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "9fc368d8-b05f-4e7e-b35d-325ab88796e3",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/62b5c0a1-9129-4b33-ae51-650f7cc3ac20/4_9%20Reinforcement.png",
"height": 756,
"width": 1169
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "33ee2cb4-19a0-4435-bf05-ea1f263be8ba",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/fa95121e-d453-4304-80e6-85dda909891c/4_10%20Reinforcement.png",
"height": 197,
"width": 1091
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "c310c8a9-405a-407d-bae2-0f380acbe2e5",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/7c9cdd56-cdb0-4c8b-963f-6b0dc4669234/5_1%20Check.png",
"height": 1160,
"width": 1928
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "87bd3bff-ee4a-4cf7-9490-a685fe5e1c3e",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/4c4aa00e-48cc-409e-bc79-21d28e55a786/5_2%20Check.png",
"height": 1160,
"width": 1928
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "4dac15a1-9f3a-4039-b532-47ac9a19e21a",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/aa19009c-39f5-4c08-bba0-493ac6d5a4ef/5_3%20Check.png",
"height": 1160,
"width": 1928
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "61faf394-9e26-4c85-b7c3-0c450dbcb495",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/79b005fd-2d09-4e79-a97b-d45dc3c4fbd4/5_4%20Check.png",
"height": 1160,
"width": 1928
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "67aab4ff-4acd-45be-883c-775f9612870f",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/bea7f38c-6c84-49f0-8502-66bfb347093e/5_5%20Check.png",
"height": 1160,
"width": 1928
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "982806dc-d702-4e8e-8c84-cfa8336ce687",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/6e3c18c1-a97e-4301-8ee4-31b1ed278382/6_1%20Report.png",
"height": 1160,
"width": 1928
},
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "c4a06b84-478b-437a-ac93-3cb615623ae6",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/33137b76-efe1-4357-a046-99a24413aa88/6_2%20Report.png",
"height": 872,
"width": 1860
}
],
"linkedItemCodenames": [
"idea_statica_tutorial___pier_cap_from_dxf_2495f70",
"campus_cta",
"n0d61cad8_c463_0160_5df5_bb66b7a55152"
],
"linkedItems": [
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "RELATED CONTENT"
},
"description": {
"name": "Description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"featured_articles": {
"name": "Featured articles",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [
"corbel_from_dxf",
"idea_statica_tutorial___frame_joint_1623b41",
"n2021_10_30_concrete_webinar_luk"
],
"linkedItems": []
},
"support_center_articles": {
"name": "Support center article",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "support_center_article"
},
"blog_categories": {
"name": "Blog category",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "blog_category"
},
"labels": {
"name": "Labels",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "labels"
},
"product_groups": {
"name": "Product group",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "product_group"
},
"include_webinars": {
"name": "Include webinars",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"include_case_studies": {
"name": "Only case studies",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n0d61cad8_c463_0160_5df5_bb66b7a55152",
"collection": "default",
"id": "0d61cad8-c463-0160-5df5-bb66b7a55152",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-08-04T13:15:19.0219369Z",
"name": "0d61cad8-c463-0160-5df5-bb66b7a55152",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "widget_support_center_articles",
"workflowStep": null,
"workflow": null
}
}
],
"links": [
{
"codename": "landing_page___downloads",
"linkId": "0dff6482-3e17-4ca2-bb66-b4abc6a8dde4",
"urlSlug": "product-downloads",
"type": "landing_page"
},
{
"codename": "types_of_supports_in_idea_statica_detail__csfm_",
"linkId": "5a121972-f384-4f14-8788-9da298e1aae1",
"urlSlug": "types-of-supports-in-idea-statica-detail",
"type": "support_center_article"
},
{
"codename": "how_to_apply_a_horizontal_force_occurring_in_the_b",
"linkId": "1d52ff19-b6b3-5290-905a-178825f7cdc1",
"urlSlug": "supports-in-idea-statica-detail-advanced-topics",
"type": "support_center_article"
},
{
"codename": "theoretical_background_detail___verification_accor",
"linkId": "6fbebc50-77e1-42e3-b7e8-9079c605a805",
"urlSlug": "structural-element-checks-according-to-eurocode",
"type": "support_center_article"
},
{
"codename": "stress_strain_diagrams_in_csfm",
"linkId": "64fe8853-4024-409f-9e71-8e2007782f5b",
"urlSlug": "stress-strain-diagrams-in-csfm",
"type": "support_center_article"
},
{
"codename": "theoretical_background_detail___general___reinforc",
"linkId": "0e906322-2262-4075-a13c-2f864a41b7ee",
"urlSlug": "2-reinforcement-design",
"type": "support_center_article"
},
{
"codename": "understanding_concrete_design_reinforcement",
"linkId": "792f89a1-cc17-54fb-8eaa-611f8a0ea070",
"urlSlug": "understanding-concrete-design-reinforcement",
"type": "blog_post"
},
{
"codename": "concrete___reinforced_concrete_expert",
"linkId": "a0e85d28-23e6-4006-94d6-f334c2be9b67",
"urlSlug": "hormigon-armado",
"type": "landing_page"
},
{
"codename": "rn_21_0___detail___rebar_modeling_enhancement___su",
"linkId": "e891a412-d4f5-4473-8e9c-bded813ee5e3",
"urlSlug": "rebar-modeling-enhancement-superelement",
"type": "support_center_article"
},
{
"codename": "rn_24_0__detail_property_grid___multiselect___mult",
"linkId": "c6a63f28-f703-4125-993e-8b2b00d61479",
"urlSlug": "multiselect-and-multi-edit-in-detail",
"type": "support_center_article"
},
{
"codename": "theoretical_background_detail___general",
"linkId": "2b523983-1e01-41c9-bad0-5807b5485059",
"urlSlug": "general-introduction-for-the-structural-design-of-concrete-details",
"type": "support_center_article"
},
{
"codename": "general_description_of_sls_results_in_detail_appli",
"linkId": "9e7e995c-6e74-422f-af6e-88a8d7fe047f",
"urlSlug": "general-description-of-sls-results-in-detail-application",
"type": "support_center_article"
}
],
"name": "Content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<h2>1 New project</h2>\n<p>Let’s launch the <strong>IDEA StatiCa </strong>(<a data-item-id=\"0dff6482-3e17-4ca2-bb66-b4abc6a8dde4\" href=\"\">download the newest version</a>) and select the application <strong>Detail</strong>. Set up a new project by clicking 2D Detail with General input section, select proper concrete grade and cover. Finish setting by clicking <strong>Create</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"51ba599d-8de7-4cc0-bb50-27eac77cab6c\" data-image-id=\"51ba599d-8de7-4cc0-bb50-27eac77cab6c\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/fe21d78b-0647-4837-8b89-24e8ce24ca29/1_1%20New%20project.png\" data-asset-id=\"51ba599d-8de7-4cc0-bb50-27eac77cab6c\" data-image-id=\"51ba599d-8de7-4cc0-bb50-27eac77cab6c\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"cc9ecd14-d5ec-4563-afca-429b96ad5c22\" data-image-id=\"cc9ecd14-d5ec-4563-afca-429b96ad5c22\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/97919dd3-c3af-412c-a7c6-7f236eab183d/1_2%20New%20project.png\" data-asset-id=\"cc9ecd14-d5ec-4563-afca-429b96ad5c22\" data-image-id=\"cc9ecd14-d5ec-4563-afca-429b96ad5c22\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>This will load a blank project where we start from scratch.</p>\n<h2>2 Geometry</h2>\n<p>Start with the addition of a wall element by the <strong>DXF</strong> <strong>Import </strong>button.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b56414c4-957f-4a00-9fd2-216223d4b60f\" data-image-id=\"b56414c4-957f-4a00-9fd2-216223d4b60f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/6778c05d-0b68-4c71-9e34-a83db2822936/2_1%20Geometry.png\" data-asset-id=\"b56414c4-957f-4a00-9fd2-216223d4b60f\" data-image-id=\"b56414c4-957f-4a00-9fd2-216223d4b60f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>A dialog to locate and open the desired DXF file will pop-up. After the selection of <strong>pier_cap.dxf</strong> (available in source files), you will land in a dialog for selection. Select the part of the outline of the pier cap (if you used lines in DXF continue with Consecutive button) and click on <strong>Outline</strong>. Finish the selection by <strong>OK</strong> button.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"ed360367-4110-4723-b943-94c2958aea56\" data-image-id=\"ed360367-4110-4723-b943-94c2958aea56\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/c7ac3717-3e8a-4d71-bef7-53a90dbb06db/2_2%20Geometry.png\" data-asset-id=\"ed360367-4110-4723-b943-94c2958aea56\" data-image-id=\"ed360367-4110-4723-b943-94c2958aea56\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Then <strong>import</strong> the upper part of the pier cap from the same DXF file.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"49b8bcec-0c83-4f13-869a-9af90392ebf4\" data-image-id=\"49b8bcec-0c83-4f13-869a-9af90392ebf4\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/2f79bfee-8f3e-40d2-b06e-9b5f370ed524/2_3%20Geometry.png\" data-asset-id=\"49b8bcec-0c83-4f13-869a-9af90392ebf4\" data-image-id=\"49b8bcec-0c83-4f13-869a-9af90392ebf4\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>The shapes of the wall elements have been generated by DXF, but the 2D DXF reference lacks the information about thickness, thus you need to adjust it manually now. Set the <strong>Thickness</strong> for both <strong>W1</strong> and <strong>W2</strong> members to <strong>1,20 m</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"7dabe2fa-1b90-4805-a503-8a1f665d1091\" data-image-id=\"7dabe2fa-1b90-4805-a503-8a1f665d1091\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/56914c67-b574-4458-9c75-6300515250cc/2_4%20Geometry.png\" data-asset-id=\"7dabe2fa-1b90-4805-a503-8a1f665d1091\" data-image-id=\"7dabe2fa-1b90-4805-a503-8a1f665d1091\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Right now, our structure is statically overdetermined, you need to add boundary conditions. To create <a data-item-id=\"5a121972-f384-4f14-8788-9da298e1aae1\" href=\"\"><strong>line support</strong></a>, click on the <strong>Model Entity</strong> button and select the third type in <strong>Supports</strong> section.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"85d75495-728d-45ce-a0c9-55f8e7da6594\" data-image-id=\"85d75495-728d-45ce-a0c9-55f8e7da6594\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/902146d1-35d7-494d-ad33-0c533d6371d8/2_5%20Geometry.png\" data-asset-id=\"85d75495-728d-45ce-a0c9-55f8e7da6594\" data-image-id=\"85d75495-728d-45ce-a0c9-55f8e7da6594\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p><strong>Constraint</strong> the support in <strong>X</strong>, <strong>Z</strong> and <strong>Ry</strong> directions and change the <strong>edge</strong> number to <strong>7</strong>. Also, switch off the <strong>Compression only</strong> functionality. The edge numbers can be seen in the <strong>Main window</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"28cd534b-fe6b-4603-ac41-d43e0436916f\" data-image-id=\"28cd534b-fe6b-4603-ac41-d43e0436916f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/6b851c91-a374-48ef-910b-f714f94bf4ae/2_6%20Geometry.png\" data-asset-id=\"28cd534b-fe6b-4603-ac41-d43e0436916f\" data-image-id=\"28cd534b-fe6b-4603-ac41-d43e0436916f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>As a Point force-placed directly on the edge of a pier cap would crash the concrete locally in compression, we will use bearing plates to distribute the load more evenly. To add one, press <strong>Model Entity button</strong> once again, and in the <strong>Load transfer devices</strong> section, pick the first - <a data-item-id=\"1d52ff19-b6b3-5290-905a-178825f7cdc1\" href=\"\"><strong>Bearing plate</strong></a>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"0bcce3af-dc3d-45e0-875e-0899ae84ff19\" data-image-id=\"0bcce3af-dc3d-45e0-875e-0899ae84ff19\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/f214f09d-65b0-4caf-9a4b-42a77221348d/2_7%20Geometry.png\" data-asset-id=\"0bcce3af-dc3d-45e0-875e-0899ae84ff19\" data-image-id=\"0bcce3af-dc3d-45e0-875e-0899ae84ff19\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Change the <strong>Width</strong> to <strong>0,40 m</strong> and the <strong>Thickness</strong> to <strong>0,04 m</strong>, then the <strong>Edge</strong> number to <strong>3</strong> and shift its <strong>X-Position</strong> to <strong>0,45 m</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"9b55b426-71ca-42eb-a271-401c9c34edf5\" data-image-id=\"9b55b426-71ca-42eb-a271-401c9c34edf5\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/50355c70-edcd-43fd-a8db-dea4af49c1f1/2_8%20Geometry.png\" data-asset-id=\"9b55b426-71ca-42eb-a271-401c9c34edf5\" data-image-id=\"9b55b426-71ca-42eb-a271-401c9c34edf5\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Then <strong>copy</strong> the <strong>Bearing plate</strong> and change its position to be measured <strong>From end</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"53bbefc5-dda4-4ed2-81ef-d036116d43f0\" data-image-id=\"53bbefc5-dda4-4ed2-81ef-d036116d43f0\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/0eac1da7-c569-4dc1-ad01-4c005e088d98/2_9%20Geometry.png\" data-asset-id=\"53bbefc5-dda4-4ed2-81ef-d036116d43f0\" data-image-id=\"53bbefc5-dda4-4ed2-81ef-d036116d43f0\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>3 Loads</h2>\n<p>Load Case will be created by clicking <strong>Load Case</strong> button and its for <strong>Permanent</strong> effects by default. You need two load cases to distinguish between permanent and variable loads and three combinations to cover one <a data-item-id=\"6fbebc50-77e1-42e3-b7e8-9079c605a805\" href=\"\">ULS</a> and two <a data-item-id=\"6fbebc50-77e1-42e3-b7e8-9079c605a805\" href=\"\">SLS</a> combinations (Characteristic and Quasi-permanent) for all checks.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"b2f03b16-0201-4e17-b574-de607fbf91a8\" data-image-id=\"b2f03b16-0201-4e17-b574-de607fbf91a8\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/64b6b1b0-2105-4f7d-89db-9588533f35d8/3_1%20Loads.png\" data-asset-id=\"b2f03b16-0201-4e17-b574-de607fbf91a8\" data-image-id=\"b2f03b16-0201-4e17-b574-de607fbf91a8\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Let's modify the automatically added load case <strong>LC1</strong> for permanent effects. In the <strong>Load impulses</strong> tab, click on the <strong>Plus</strong> button and apply a <strong>Point load</strong>. It will be automatically placed on one of the bearing plates.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"133d1a9c-9ec2-4d5c-b546-f7e6cb3e40e5\" data-image-id=\"133d1a9c-9ec2-4d5c-b546-f7e6cb3e40e5\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/73eccf54-b16e-4d04-a79d-975a253174d4/3_2%20Loads.png\" data-asset-id=\"133d1a9c-9ec2-4d5c-b546-f7e6cb3e40e5\" data-image-id=\"133d1a9c-9ec2-4d5c-b546-f7e6cb3e40e5\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>As the last step, change its value to <strong>-2500 kN</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"7613b782-5d53-4adb-a49a-53ab1e9e90c8\" data-image-id=\"7613b782-5d53-4adb-a49a-53ab1e9e90c8\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/e8e5a8b2-e039-4b6d-a19b-bd1ab5215a04/3_3%20Loads.png\" data-asset-id=\"7613b782-5d53-4adb-a49a-53ab1e9e90c8\" data-image-id=\"7613b782-5d53-4adb-a49a-53ab1e9e90c8\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Copy that Point load to the other bearing plate <strong>BP2</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"5552e8cd-23e8-462c-9e93-ae416d4aff63\" data-image-id=\"5552e8cd-23e8-462c-9e93-ae416d4aff63\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/ee28dab2-90d2-42f3-b772-475d518de122/3_4%20Loads.png\" data-asset-id=\"5552e8cd-23e8-462c-9e93-ae416d4aff63\" data-image-id=\"5552e8cd-23e8-462c-9e93-ae416d4aff63\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Copy Load Case 1 and change the LC type to the <strong>variable</strong>. Click on Point Load and change force to <strong>-1000 kN.</strong></p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"50f3925c-d1e3-43c5-b069-28e6b57cc7ad\" data-image-id=\"50f3925c-d1e3-43c5-b069-28e6b57cc7ad\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/7d574c49-bd02-4af9-9011-0a3b1130d9e6/3_5%20Loads.png\" data-asset-id=\"50f3925c-d1e3-43c5-b069-28e6b57cc7ad\" data-image-id=\"50f3925c-d1e3-43c5-b069-28e6b57cc7ad\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Repeat the steps for the last point load.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"79bdbc02-821f-4f20-b7d3-37e64d2f547d\" data-image-id=\"79bdbc02-821f-4f20-b7d3-37e64d2f547d\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/20e05d97-1652-4bf4-b997-f6fcda13a155/3_6%20Loads.png\" data-asset-id=\"79bdbc02-821f-4f20-b7d3-37e64d2f547d\" data-image-id=\"79bdbc02-821f-4f20-b7d3-37e64d2f547d\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Create the first nonlinear combination by <strong>Combination</strong> button, and set it as ULS limit state.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"d0815179-0b84-44f0-84b0-7437351d3dc5\" data-image-id=\"d0815179-0b84-44f0-84b0-7437351d3dc5\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/17bb129d-f8dd-4c81-97ca-18f6fb7fecc3/3_7%20Loads.png\" data-asset-id=\"d0815179-0b84-44f0-84b0-7437351d3dc5\" data-image-id=\"d0815179-0b84-44f0-84b0-7437351d3dc5\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Copy C1 and choose <a data-item-id=\"64fe8853-4024-409f-9e71-8e2007782f5b\" href=\"\"><strong>SLS</strong></a><strong> Characteristic. </strong>In addition, the option is available to check the combination on deflection and crack width both for a given combination and individually. For <strong>Characteristic</strong> combination choose Active for <strong>deflection</strong> check according to the picture below. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"fa5ca9d3-4f8a-4824-b425-29a218e3a820\" data-image-id=\"fa5ca9d3-4f8a-4824-b425-29a218e3a820\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/c7e8dcb4-07a9-44ba-b7db-5dae47d39f18/3_8%20Loads.png\" data-asset-id=\"fa5ca9d3-4f8a-4824-b425-29a218e3a820\" data-image-id=\"fa5ca9d3-4f8a-4824-b425-29a218e3a820\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Now you can repeat the steps, <strong>copy</strong> C2 and choose <strong>SLS Quasi-Permanent </strong>for new C3. Activate <strong>Quasi-Permanent </strong>combination only for <strong>crack width</strong> calculation. </p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"5b924e5f-43c1-41f0-818a-7cb1bfc7eafc\" data-image-id=\"5b924e5f-43c1-41f0-818a-7cb1bfc7eafc\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/49282476-6070-4ee9-a3da-8ba806c532db/3_9%20Loads.png\" data-asset-id=\"5b924e5f-43c1-41f0-818a-7cb1bfc7eafc\" data-image-id=\"5b924e5f-43c1-41f0-818a-7cb1bfc7eafc\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Now, change the partial factors for all combinations. To do that, click on the <strong>pen icon</strong> in any combination you defined and change the partial factors you see in the following picture.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"3bc7fadd-3912-48f8-8000-0d91cb0af453\" data-image-id=\"3bc7fadd-3912-48f8-8000-0d91cb0af453\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/87b44d74-eede-4ef9-aab9-5b75c7ad351b/3_10%20Loads.png\" data-asset-id=\"3bc7fadd-3912-48f8-8000-0d91cb0af453\" data-image-id=\"3bc7fadd-3912-48f8-8000-0d91cb0af453\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Note that the calculations are performed only for combinations of load cases that are ticked in the operation tree, not for individual load cases.</p>\n<h2>4 Reinforcement</h2>\n<p>The next step is to <a data-item-id=\"0e906322-2262-4075-a13c-2f864a41b7ee\" href=\"\"><strong>reinforce</strong></a> the model. Combine the definition from scratch in IDEA StatiCa with the batch import of the reinforcement from the <strong>DXF</strong> file. In this tutorial, we assume that the user knows how to reinforce a pier cap and prepared some <a data-item-id=\"792f89a1-cc17-54fb-8eaa-611f8a0ea070\" href=\"\">reinforcement</a> in DXF in advance from drawings thus, we leave the tools for <a data-item-id=\"a0e85d28-23e6-4006-94d6-f334c2be9b67\" href=\"\">reinforcement design</a> for another tutorial.</p>\n<p>Click on <strong>DXF</strong> <strong>Import </strong>and choose Group of bars entity.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"f5126442-836e-4f7b-929a-d56d2b4c1162\" data-image-id=\"f5126442-836e-4f7b-929a-d56d2b4c1162\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/e51e193e-5772-4e02-9724-efe612a9955f/4_1%20Reinforcement.png\" data-asset-id=\"f5126442-836e-4f7b-929a-d56d2b4c1162\" data-image-id=\"f5126442-836e-4f7b-929a-d56d2b4c1162\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>A dialog to locate and open the desired DXF file will pop-up. After the selection of <strong>pier_cap.dxf</strong> (available in the source files), you will land in a dialog for selection. Select all the polylines (rebars shape) you need in order shown on the following picture and click on <strong>Select</strong> after each polyline (the order is not important in general, we just want to keep track in this tutorial when we talk about the specific name of an item). Finish the selection by <strong>OK</strong> button.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"2e870d3c-beb7-4d83-96f3-92739983e310\" data-image-id=\"2e870d3c-beb7-4d83-96f3-92739983e310\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/7433e93f-9795-495a-a20d-9e4f2ef5f1d5/4_3%20Reinforcement.png\" data-asset-id=\"2e870d3c-beb7-4d83-96f3-92739983e310\" data-image-id=\"2e870d3c-beb7-4d83-96f3-92739983e310\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>The 2D DXF file transfers the global width of a polyline as the diameter for each <a data-item-id=\"e891a412-d4f5-4473-8e9c-bded813ee5e3\" href=\"\">rebar</a>, but it does not contain information about the number of bars in the perpendicular direction, and we need to adjust them manually. Thanks to the <a data-item-id=\"c6a63f28-f703-4125-993e-8b2b00d61479\" href=\"\">multi-editing</a> feature, we can provide all changes for all reinforcement entities at once. </p>\n<p>Hold <strong>Ctrl</strong> and select all imported reinforcement, change the number of bars in a layer <strong>10 </strong>and diameter to <strong>20 mm</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"33ec1295-68ad-494c-a3c3-a5f71e4f89cc\" data-image-id=\"33ec1295-68ad-494c-a3c3-a5f71e4f89cc\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/522a97b6-22e0-4aa6-956d-ea0b8ffb70ee/4_4%20Reinforcement.png\" data-asset-id=\"33ec1295-68ad-494c-a3c3-a5f71e4f89cc\" data-image-id=\"33ec1295-68ad-494c-a3c3-a5f71e4f89cc\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>To finish the reinforcement in this example, combine the reference from DXF with reinforcement defined in IDEA StatiCa Detail. In this case, add some horizontal and longitudinal reinforcement into the pier cap and a few layers of reinforcement representing the stirrups in the pier. Click on the <strong>Rebar assembly</strong> button and select the first reinforcement item <strong>Group of bars</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"fa4a932c-e111-4839-a1c5-55cbb6c7975b\" data-image-id=\"fa4a932c-e111-4839-a1c5-55cbb6c7975b\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/3027cb33-110c-4b80-a470-01af1345750a/4_5%20Reinforcement.png\" data-asset-id=\"fa4a932c-e111-4839-a1c5-55cbb6c7975b\" data-image-id=\"fa4a932c-e111-4839-a1c5-55cbb6c7975b\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Change the definition to <strong>On outline or opening edge</strong>. Then adjust the number of layers, their distances, the diameter, the number of bars in a layer, <a data-item-id=\"2b523983-1e01-41c9-bad0-5807b5485059\" href=\"\">anchorage</a> type for both ends and edges according to the following picture:</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"26fd362e-faa0-46f2-bee8-f94379378482\" data-image-id=\"26fd362e-faa0-46f2-bee8-f94379378482\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/233bba37-5214-421f-9646-9fa9cf49e2ca/4_6%20Reinforcement.png\" data-asset-id=\"26fd362e-faa0-46f2-bee8-f94379378482\" data-image-id=\"26fd362e-faa0-46f2-bee8-f94379378482\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Use the <strong>copy</strong> function to create <strong>GB6,</strong> which will represent the stirrups, and switch the edge to <strong>7</strong>. Set all parameters according to the picture below:</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"53ae292c-4fb6-4f31-b595-85c4fc4c8c29\" data-image-id=\"53ae292c-4fb6-4f31-b595-85c4fc4c8c29\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/2a628132-4994-469e-9917-872f31fcbc0b/4_7%20Reinforcement.png\" data-asset-id=\"53ae292c-4fb6-4f31-b595-85c4fc4c8c29\" data-image-id=\"53ae292c-4fb6-4f31-b595-85c4fc4c8c29\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>The last reinforcement items will introduce the longitudinal reinforcement of the pier cap. To do that, <strong>add a new group of bars</strong>. Change the properties as follows:</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"293450a5-ac45-42f9-99f6-fff86ba8cde1\" data-image-id=\"293450a5-ac45-42f9-99f6-fff86ba8cde1\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/a78bd3ba-73dd-4b26-98a0-692b54ad5b09/4_8%20Reinforcement.png\" data-asset-id=\"293450a5-ac45-42f9-99f6-fff86ba8cde1\" data-image-id=\"293450a5-ac45-42f9-99f6-fff86ba8cde1\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>Use the <strong>copy</strong> button for the last time. Change the edge to <strong>8</strong>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"9fc368d8-b05f-4e7e-b35d-325ab88796e3\" data-image-id=\"9fc368d8-b05f-4e7e-b35d-325ab88796e3\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/62b5c0a1-9129-4b33-ae51-650f7cc3ac20/4_9%20Reinforcement.png\" data-asset-id=\"9fc368d8-b05f-4e7e-b35d-325ab88796e3\" data-image-id=\"9fc368d8-b05f-4e7e-b35d-325ab88796e3\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>After all reinforcement added and edited we can start the calculation by clicking on <strong>Calculate</strong> button.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"33ee2cb4-19a0-4435-bf05-ea1f263be8ba\" data-image-id=\"33ee2cb4-19a0-4435-bf05-ea1f263be8ba\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/fa95121e-d453-4304-80e6-85dda909891c/4_10%20Reinforcement.png\" data-asset-id=\"33ee2cb4-19a0-4435-bf05-ea1f263be8ba\" data-image-id=\"33ee2cb4-19a0-4435-bf05-ea1f263be8ba\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>5 Calculation and Check</h2>\n<p>Start the analysis by clicking <strong>Calculation</strong> in the ribbon. The analysis model is automatically generated, the calculations are performed and you can see the summary of checks displayed together with the values of check results.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"c310c8a9-405a-407d-bae2-0f380acbe2e5\" data-image-id=\"c310c8a9-405a-407d-bae2-0f380acbe2e5\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/7c9cdd56-cdb0-4c8b-963f-6b0dc4669234/5_1%20Check.png\" data-asset-id=\"c310c8a9-405a-407d-bae2-0f380acbe2e5\" data-image-id=\"c310c8a9-405a-407d-bae2-0f380acbe2e5\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>To go through the detailed checks of each component, start with the <strong>Strength</strong> tab. This will show concrete checks such as utilization in stress, principal stresses, strains, and a map of reduction factor k<sub>c,</sub> which can be switched on the ribbon.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"87bd3bff-ee4a-4cf7-9490-a685fe5e1c3e\" data-image-id=\"87bd3bff-ee4a-4cf7-9490-a685fe5e1c3e\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/4c4aa00e-48cc-409e-bc79-21d28e55a786/5_2%20Check.png\" data-asset-id=\"87bd3bff-ee4a-4cf7-9490-a685fe5e1c3e\" data-image-id=\"87bd3bff-ee4a-4cf7-9490-a685fe5e1c3e\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>For detailed results of reinforcement, you need to click on the row <a data-item-id=\"0e906322-2262-4075-a13c-2f864a41b7ee\" href=\"\"><strong>Reinforcement</strong></a>. This will change the ribbon icons and unroll the table for results. You can display the results for <a data-item-id=\"64fe8853-4024-409f-9e71-8e2007782f5b\" href=\"\">strains and stresses</a> in each bar and their utilization.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"4dac15a1-9f3a-4039-b532-47ac9a19e21a\" data-image-id=\"4dac15a1-9f3a-4039-b532-47ac9a19e21a\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/aa19009c-39f5-4c08-bba0-493ac6d5a4ef/5_3%20Check.png\" data-asset-id=\"4dac15a1-9f3a-4039-b532-47ac9a19e21a\" data-image-id=\"4dac15a1-9f3a-4039-b532-47ac9a19e21a\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>All results can be displayed in the same way. Let´s show the difference in the ribbon for SLS checks of <a data-item-id=\"9e7e995c-6e74-422f-af6e-88a8d7fe047f\" href=\"\">crack-width</a> and deflection. Besides the icons to switch between the results, there are settings in the ribbon to set the limit value of cracks or to display the results of deflections from short/long-term models.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"61faf394-9e26-4c85-b7c3-0c450dbcb495\" data-image-id=\"61faf394-9e26-4c85-b7c3-0c450dbcb495\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/79b005fd-2d09-4e79-a97b-d45dc3c4fbd4/5_4%20Check.png\" data-asset-id=\"61faf394-9e26-4c85-b7c3-0c450dbcb495\" data-image-id=\"61faf394-9e26-4c85-b7c3-0c450dbcb495\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"67aab4ff-4acd-45be-883c-775f9612870f\" data-image-id=\"67aab4ff-4acd-45be-883c-775f9612870f\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/bea7f38c-6c84-49f0-8502-66bfb347093e/5_5%20Check.png\" data-asset-id=\"67aab4ff-4acd-45be-883c-775f9612870f\" data-image-id=\"67aab4ff-4acd-45be-883c-775f9612870f\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h2>6 Report</h2>\n<p>At last, go to the <strong>Report</strong>. IDEA StatiCa offers a fully customizable report to print out or save in an editable format.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"982806dc-d702-4e8e-8c84-cfa8336ce687\" data-image-id=\"982806dc-d702-4e8e-8c84-cfa8336ce687\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/6e3c18c1-a97e-4301-8ee4-31b1ed278382/6_1%20Report.png\" data-asset-id=\"982806dc-d702-4e8e-8c84-cfa8336ce687\" data-image-id=\"982806dc-d702-4e8e-8c84-cfa8336ce687\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"c4a06b84-478b-437a-ac93-3cb615623ae6\" data-image-id=\"c4a06b84-478b-437a-ac93-3cb615623ae6\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/33137b76-efe1-4357-a046-99a24413aa88/6_2%20Report.png\" data-asset-id=\"c4a06b84-478b-437a-ac93-3cb615623ae6\" data-image-id=\"c4a06b84-478b-437a-ac93-3cb615623ae6\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<p>You have designed, optimized, and code-checked a pier cap according to Eurocode.</p>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"idea_statica_tutorial___pier_cap_from_dxf_2495f70\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"link\" data-codename=\"campus_cta\"></object>\n<object type=\"application/kenticocloud\" data-type=\"item\" data-rel=\"component\" data-codename=\"n0d61cad8_c463_0160_5df5_bb66b7a55152\"></object>"
},
"regions": {
"name": "Region",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "EMEA",
"codename": "emea"
},
{
"name": "APAC",
"codename": "apac"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "region"
},
"product_groups": {
"name": "Product group",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Concrete",
"codename": "concrete"
},
{
"name": "Reinforced concrete",
"codename": "reinforced_concrete"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "product_group"
},
"support_center_article_types": {
"name": "Support center article",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Tutorials",
"codename": "tutorial"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "support_center_article"
},
"expertise_levels": {
"name": "Expertise level",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Beginner",
"codename": "beginner"
},
{
"name": "Intermediate",
"codename": "intermediate"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "expertise_level"
},
"labels": {
"name": "Labels",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Detail 2D",
"codename": "detail"
},
{
"name": "EN (Eurocode)",
"codename": "eurocode"
},
{
"name": "Pier caps",
"codename": "pier_caps"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "labels"
},
"linked_items": {
"name": "Linked items",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [],
"linkedItems": []
},
"attachments__files": {
"name": "Attachments",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"content_priority__value": {
"name": "Content priority value",
"type": "number",
"value": 9700
},
"options": {
"name": "Options",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"url_slug": {
"name": "Url slug",
"type": "url_slug",
"value": "designing-a-pier-cap-from-dxf"
},
"unique_url_slug": {
"name": "Unique URL slug",
"type": "custom",
"value": "[\"designing-a-pier-cap-from-dxf\",\"[autogenerated]\"]"
},
"content_settings__sitemap": {
"name": "Show in sitemap",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": [
{
"name": "default",
"codename": "default"
}
]
},
"content_settings__robots": {
"name": "Search engine indexing",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": [
{
"name": "default",
"codename": "default"
}
]
},
"content_settings__is_hidden": {
"name": "Hidden nested content",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"metadata__page_title": {
"name": "Page title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Design and code-check of a pier cap from DXF (EN)"
},
"metadata__page_description": {
"name": "Page description",
"type": "text",
"value": "IDEA StatiCa Detail step-by-step tutorial for the structural design of a pier cap from DXF. Structural engineering concrete design software."
},
"metadata__page_keywords": {
"name": "Page keywords",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__canonical_url": {
"name": "Canonical URL",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_title": {
"name": "OG:title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_description": {
"name": "OG:description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_image": {
"name": "OG:image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__page_label": {
"name": "Page label",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__path_segment": {
"name": "Path segment",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__breadcrumb_style": {
"name": "Breadcrumb style",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__hide_in_breadcrumbs": {
"name": "Hide in breadcrumbs",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "idea_statica_tutorial___pier_cap_from_dxf",
"collection": "default",
"id": "e45ef11c-3fc3-5195-8233-362d5c1d8f2a",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-08-04T13:15:19.0219369Z",
"name": "Detail tutorial - Pier cap from DXF",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "support_center_article",
"workflowStep": "published",
"workflow": "default"
}
}
]
},
"attachments__files": {
"name": "Attachments",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"content_priority__value": {
"name": "Content priority value",
"type": "number",
"value": null
},
"options": {
"name": "Options",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"url_slug": {
"name": "Url slug",
"type": "url_slug",
"value": "reinforcement-template-in-idea-statica-detail"
},
"unique_url_slug": {
"name": "Unique URL slug",
"type": "custom",
"value": "[\"reinforcement-template-in-idea-statica-detail\",\"[autogenerated]\"]"
},
"content_settings__sitemap": {
"name": "Show in sitemap",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__robots": {
"name": "Search engine indexing",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__is_hidden": {
"name": "Hidden nested content",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"metadata__page_title": {
"name": "Page title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Reinforcement template in IDEA StatiCa Detail"
},
"metadata__page_description": {
"name": "Page description",
"type": "text",
"value": "With IDEA StatiCa you can reinforce your concrete detail just once and then save the reinforcement as a template for future use! "
},
"metadata__page_keywords": {
"name": "Page keywords",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__canonical_url": {
"name": "Canonical URL",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_title": {
"name": "OG:title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_description": {
"name": "OG:description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_image": {
"name": "OG:image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__page_label": {
"name": "Page label",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__path_segment": {
"name": "Path segment",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__breadcrumb_style": {
"name": "Breadcrumb style",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__hide_in_breadcrumbs": {
"name": "Hide in breadcrumbs",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "reinforcement_template_in_idea_statica_detail",
"collection": "default",
"id": "b8eb5557-9f71-4f26-9e5b-3a90686a1832",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-08-04T12:30:02.6916976Z",
"name": "Reinforcement template in IDEA StatiCa Detail",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "support_center_article",
"workflowStep": "published",
"workflow": "default"
}
},
{
"elements": {
"title": {
"name": "Title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Comprobación de muros y vigas profundas"
},
"preview_image": {
"name": "Preview image",
"type": "asset",
"value": [
{
"name": "2022-03-16 Code-check of walls and deep beams.png",
"description": null,
"type": "image/png",
"size": 396892,
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/c732c6a0-fc75-4ab1-8c68-6449c75c3d68/2022-03-16%20%20Code-check%20of%20walls%20and%20deep%20beams.png",
"width": 1000,
"height": 625,
"renditions": {}
}
]
},
"post_date": {
"name": "Webinar date",
"type": "date_time",
"value": "2022-03-16T00:00:00Z",
"displayTimeZone": null
},
"post_date_2": {
"name": "Webinar date 2",
"type": "date_time",
"value": null,
"displayTimeZone": null
},
"agenda": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Agenda",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<ul>\n <li>Creación de un modelo de muro de hormigón armado</li>\n <li>¿Cómo cargar el submodelo y qué resultados de AEF necesitamos aplicar?</li>\n <li>Explicación de las diferencias entre los elementos cáscara y muro</li>\n <li>Limitaciones y recomendaciones para IDEA StatiCa Detail</li>\n <li>Interpretación de los resultados</li>\n</ul>"
},
"perex_content": {
"name": "Lead paragraph",
"type": "text",
"value": "Los muros de hormigón y las vigas profundas son elementos portantes habituales en las estructuras de los edificios. Sin embargo, debido a los requisitos de trazado, estas estructuras portantes se ven muy a menudo debilitadas por puertas, ventanas y otras aberturas."
},
"content": {
"images": [
{
"description": null,
"imageId": "2a799851-47a8-48ba-a994-6142976c5204",
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/177694cc-5c91-42cb-b88c-568f900670fe/Code-check%20of%20walls%20and%20deep%20beams.png",
"height": 600,
"width": 1000
}
],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [
{
"codename": "landing_page_role_navigation",
"linkId": "0c872071-6a3f-4b99-8cd4-66440db9cc0d",
"urlSlug": "role-navigation",
"type": "landing_page"
},
{
"codename": "wall",
"linkId": "1dc3667d-ddd6-5483-8b97-e7b69923fef7",
"urlSlug": "concrete-wall-en",
"type": "support_center_article"
},
{
"codename": "csfm_concrete_verification",
"linkId": "42ce7f6b-6491-4224-a01e-c4c0072ed1cd",
"urlSlug": "design-your-structural-concrete-details-with-confidence",
"type": "blog_post"
},
{
"codename": "n2021_10_30_concrete_webinar_luk",
"linkId": "1300fb1c-8e32-47f3-8b21-0e8e77e1f238",
"urlSlug": "como-disenar-facilmente-una-viga-pretensada-con-aberturas",
"type": "webinar"
},
{
"codename": "cast_in_situ_wall___ruzomberok__slovakia_",
"linkId": "73d449cf-610e-5c7c-9e8c-da8093630d24",
"urlSlug": "cast-in-situ-wall-ruzomberok-slovakia",
"type": "webinar"
},
{
"codename": "detail_theoretical_background",
"linkId": "0000c94c-b603-48c4-8d31-bc56d7c95886",
"urlSlug": "theoretical-background-for-idea-statica-detail",
"type": "support_center_article"
}
],
"name": "Content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<h4>¿Muro de hormigón armado o vigas profundas con verificación de códigos completa? No hay problema.</h4>\n<p>El objetivo del webinar es presentar cómo realizar en minutos la comprobación de código de una <strong>viga profunda de forma general</strong> en <strong>IDEA StatiCa Detail</strong> en conexión con los resultados de la aplicación de AEF. Mostraremos el flujo de trabajo en un ejemplo de un edificio residencial de hormigón - exportando la geometría, creando el submodelo en IDEA StatiCa Detail, aplicando las <strong>cargas correctas</strong>, el diseño de la armadura, y el código de comprobación final para los <strong>estados</strong> <strong>límite últimos y de servicio</strong>.</p>\n<p>Pruébelo usted mismo - obtenga la <a data-item-id=\"0c872071-6a3f-4b99-8cd4-66440db9cc0d\" href=\"\">licencia de prueba gratuita</a> y siga el tutorial paso a paso en <a data-item-id=\"1dc3667d-ddd6-5483-8b97-e7b69923fef7\" href=\"\">Muro de hormigón</a>.</p>\n<figure data-asset-id=\"2a799851-47a8-48ba-a994-6142976c5204\" data-image-id=\"2a799851-47a8-48ba-a994-6142976c5204\"><img src=\"https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/177694cc-5c91-42cb-b88c-568f900670fe/Code-check%20of%20walls%20and%20deep%20beams.png\" data-asset-id=\"2a799851-47a8-48ba-a994-6142976c5204\" data-image-id=\"2a799851-47a8-48ba-a994-6142976c5204\" alt=\"\"></figure>\n<h4>La solución definitiva para detalles y piezas estructurales de hormigón</h4>\n<p>El software de AEF 3D habitual tiene en cuenta el comportamiento lineal del hormigón. El diseño y las comprobaciones de código de la armadura son limitados, especialmente para el <strong>estado límite de servicio</strong> que puede conducir al desarrollo de <strong>grietas excesivas</strong>. Todo esto está cubierto dentro de la aplicación IDEA StatiCa Detail <a data-item-id=\"42ce7f6b-6491-4224-a01e-c4c0072ed1cd\" href=\"\">basada en CSFM</a>. Ahora, todos los ingenieros pueden diseñar y comprobar eficientemente muros o vigas profundas de cualquier forma y muchas más.</p>\n<p>Si desea ver más de <strong>IDEA StatiCa Detail </strong>en acción, hay otros dos seminarios web grabados para ver:</p>\n<ul>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"1300fb1c-8e32-47f3-8b21-0e8e77e1f238\" href=\"\">¿Cómo diseñar fácilmente una viga pretensada con aberturas?</a></li>\n <li><a data-item-id=\"73d449cf-610e-5c7c-9e8c-da8093630d24\" href=\"\">Muro colado in situ - Ruzomberok (Eslovaquia)</a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>O navegue por nuestro Centro de soporte para ver <a href=\"https://www.ideastatica.com/support-center-tutorials?product=concrete&label=detail\" title=\"IDEA StatiCa Detail\">tutoriales</a> y leer los <a data-item-id=\"0000c94c-b603-48c4-8d31-bc56d7c95886\" href=\"\">fundamentos teóricos.</a></p>\n<h3>Grabación del seminario web</h3>"
},
"presenters": {
"name": "Presenters",
"type": "modular_content",
"value": [
"lukas_juricek",
"lukas_juricek__copy_"
],
"linkedItems": [
{
"elements": {
"name": {
"name": "Name",
"type": "text",
"value": "Lukas Juricek"
},
"position": {
"name": "Position",
"type": "text",
"value": "Product Engineer\nIDEA StatiCa"
},
"images": {
"name": "Image",
"type": "asset",
"value": [
{
"name": "lukas_juricek.png",
"description": null,
"type": "image/png",
"size": 173196,
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/db1d57b0-2844-4543-8cac-e1cc4966da0f/lukas_juricek.png",
"width": 500,
"height": 500,
"renditions": {}
}
]
},
"perex": {
"name": "Perex",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"content": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"linkedin": {
"name": "LinkedIn",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"url_slug": {
"name": "Url slug",
"type": "url_slug",
"value": "lukas-juricek"
},
"unique_url_slug": {
"name": "Unique URL slug",
"type": "custom",
"value": "[\"lukas-juricek\",\"[autogenerated]\"]"
},
"content_settings__sitemap": {
"name": "Show in sitemap",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__robots": {
"name": "Search engine indexing",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__is_hidden": {
"name": "Hidden nested content",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"metadata__page_title": {
"name": "Page title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__page_description": {
"name": "Page description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__page_keywords": {
"name": "Page keywords",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__canonical_url": {
"name": "Canonical URL",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_title": {
"name": "OG:title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_description": {
"name": "OG:description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_image": {
"name": "OG:image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__page_label": {
"name": "Page label",
"type": "text",
"value": "Lukas Juricek"
},
"page_tree_settings__path_segment": {
"name": "Path segment",
"type": "text",
"value": "lukas-juricek"
},
"page_tree_settings__breadcrumb_style": {
"name": "Breadcrumb style",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__hide_in_breadcrumbs": {
"name": "Hide in breadcrumbs",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "lukas_juricek",
"collection": "default",
"id": "68d5dfa1-fe0f-4d2d-a66a-5aef93099a83",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2026-04-29T15:16:27.8466579Z",
"name": "Lukas Juricek",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "author",
"workflowStep": "published",
"workflow": "default"
}
},
{
"elements": {
"name": {
"name": "Name",
"type": "text",
"value": "Vlastimil Konecny"
},
"position": {
"name": "Position",
"type": "text",
"value": "Technical Channel Manager APAC\nIDEA StatiCa"
},
"images": {
"name": "Image",
"type": "asset",
"value": [
{
"name": "vlastimil_konecny.png",
"description": null,
"type": "image/png",
"size": 419003,
"url": "https://assets-us-01.kc-usercontent.com:443/28eac049-c8ed-00e2-220c-12142a968dff/21b91a73-2254-4189-89eb-66a808e4266e/vlastimil_konecny.png",
"width": 500,
"height": 500,
"renditions": {}
}
]
},
"perex": {
"name": "Perex",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"content": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Content",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"linkedin": {
"name": "LinkedIn",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"url_slug": {
"name": "Url slug",
"type": "url_slug",
"value": "vlastimil-konecny"
},
"unique_url_slug": {
"name": "Unique URL slug",
"type": "custom",
"value": "[\"vlastimil-konecny\",\"[autogenerated]\"]"
},
"content_settings__sitemap": {
"name": "Show in sitemap",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__robots": {
"name": "Search engine indexing",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__is_hidden": {
"name": "Hidden nested content",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"metadata__page_title": {
"name": "Page title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__page_description": {
"name": "Page description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__page_keywords": {
"name": "Page keywords",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__canonical_url": {
"name": "Canonical URL",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_title": {
"name": "OG:title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_description": {
"name": "OG:description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_image": {
"name": "OG:image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__page_label": {
"name": "Page label",
"type": "text",
"value": "Vlastimil Konecny"
},
"page_tree_settings__path_segment": {
"name": "Path segment",
"type": "text",
"value": "vlastimil-konecny"
},
"page_tree_settings__breadcrumb_style": {
"name": "Breadcrumb style",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__hide_in_breadcrumbs": {
"name": "Hide in breadcrumbs",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "lukas_juricek__copy_",
"collection": "default",
"id": "d1bcdb59-a417-4556-a71c-983cc44222b8",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2026-04-29T15:17:28.1886734Z",
"name": "Vlastimil Konecny",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "author",
"workflowStep": "published",
"workflow": "default"
}
}
]
},
"recorded_video": {
"name": "Recorded video",
"type": "text",
"value": "https://youtu.be/odNsICbbuNs"
},
"gotowebinar_key": {
"name": "GoToWebinar key",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"marketing_consent": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Marketing consent",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"regions": {
"name": "Region",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "AMER",
"codename": "amer"
},
{
"name": "EMEA",
"codename": "emea"
},
{
"name": "APAC",
"codename": "apac"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "region"
},
"product_groups": {
"name": "Product group",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Concrete",
"codename": "concrete"
},
{
"name": "Reinforced concrete",
"codename": "reinforced_concrete"
},
{
"name": "Prestressed concrete",
"codename": "prestressed_concrete"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "product_group"
},
"labels": {
"name": "Labels",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [
{
"name": "Detail 2D",
"codename": "detail"
},
{
"name": "EN (Eurocode)",
"codename": "eurocode"
},
{
"name": "BIM link",
"codename": "bim_links"
},
{
"name": "SCIA Engineer",
"codename": "scia"
},
{
"name": "CSFM",
"codename": "csfm"
}
],
"taxonomyGroup": "labels"
},
"attachments__files": {
"name": "Attachments",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"preview_image_amer": {
"name": "Preview image AMER",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"preview_image_emea_apac": {
"name": "Preview image EMEA+APAC",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"url_slug": {
"name": "URL slug",
"type": "url_slug",
"value": "comprobacion-de-muros-y-vigas-profundas"
},
"unique_url_slug": {
"name": "Unique URL slug",
"type": "custom",
"value": "[\"code-check-of-walls-and-deep-beams\",\"[autogenerated]\"]"
},
"metadata__page_title": {
"name": "Page title",
"type": "text",
"value": "Comprobación de muros y vigas profundas"
},
"metadata__page_description": {
"name": "Page description",
"type": "text",
"value": "El objetivo del webinar es presentar cómo codificar una viga profunda de forma general en IDEA StatiCa Detail en conexión con los resultados de la aplicación FEA en minutos."
},
"metadata__page_keywords": {
"name": "Page keywords",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__canonical_url": {
"name": "Canonical URL",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_title": {
"name": "OG:title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_description": {
"name": "OG:description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_image": {
"name": "OG:image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__sitemap": {
"name": "Show in sitemap",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": [
{
"name": "default",
"codename": "default"
}
]
},
"content_settings__robots": {
"name": "Search engine indexing",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": [
{
"name": "default",
"codename": "default"
}
]
},
"content_settings__is_hidden": {
"name": "Hidden nested content",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__page_label": {
"name": "Page label",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__path_segment": {
"name": "Path segment",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__breadcrumb_style": {
"name": "Breadcrumb style",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__hide_in_breadcrumbs": {
"name": "Hide in breadcrumbs",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
},
"system": {
"codename": "n2022_03_16_code_check_of_walls_and_deep_beams",
"collection": "default",
"id": "ecc5afad-b381-4b86-8e99-621a2dac9a41",
"language": "es-ES",
"lastModified": "2025-08-04T14:15:35.6617174Z",
"name": "2022-03-16 Code-check of walls and deep beams",
"sitemapLocations": [],
"type": "webinar",
"workflowStep": "published",
"workflow": "default"
}
}
]
},
"attachments__files": {
"name": "Attachments",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"content_priority__value": {
"name": "Content priority value",
"type": "number",
"value": 6900
},
"options": {
"name": "Options",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"url_slug": {
"name": "Url slug",
"type": "url_slug",
"value": "reduccion-de-la-resistencia-y-factores-de-carga"
},
"unique_url_slug": {
"name": "Unique URL slug",
"type": "custom",
"value": "[\"strength-reduction-and-load-factors\",\"[autogenerated]\"]"
},
"content_settings__sitemap": {
"name": "Show in sitemap",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__robots": {
"name": "Search engine indexing",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"content_settings__is_hidden": {
"name": "Hidden nested content",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": [
{
"name": "yes",
"codename": "yes"
}
]
},
"metadata__page_title": {
"name": "Page title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__page_description": {
"name": "Page description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__page_keywords": {
"name": "Page keywords",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__canonical_url": {
"name": "Canonical URL",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_title": {
"name": "OG:title",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_description": {
"name": "OG:description",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"metadata__og_image": {
"name": "OG:image",
"type": "asset",
"value": []
},
"translation__translation_connector": {
"name": "Translation Connector",
"type": "taxonomy",
"value": [],
"taxonomyGroup": "languages"
},
"translation__force_translation": {
"name": "Force translation",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"translation__last_translation": {
"images": [],
"linkedItemCodenames": [],
"linkedItems": [],
"links": [],
"name": "Last translation",
"type": "rich_text",
"value": "<p><br></p>"
},
"translation__ai_translated": {
"name": "AI translated",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__page_label": {
"name": "Page label",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__path_segment": {
"name": "Path segment",
"type": "text",
"value": ""
},
"page_tree_settings__breadcrumb_style": {
"name": "Breadcrumb style",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
},
"page_tree_settings__hide_in_breadcrumbs": {
"name": "Hide in breadcrumbs",
"type": "multiple_choice",
"value": []
}
}Structural verifications according to Australian standard AS 3600 (2018)
Assessment of the structure using the CSFM is performed by two different analyses: one for serviceability, and one for strength load combinations. The serviceability analysis assumes that the behavior under factored loads is satisfactory, and the yield conditions of the material will not be reached at serviceability load levels. This approach enables the use of simplified constitutive models (with a linear branch of concrete stress-strain diagram) for serviceability analysis to enhance numerical stability and calculation speed.
The CSFM is a structural analysis method that satisfies the general rules in Chapters 6.1.1 and 6.1.2 and is defined as (f) non-linear stress analysis in Chapter 6.1.3 - further in Chapter 6.6.
The analysis by CSFM takes into account all relevant non-linear and inelastic effects (except shrinkage) defined in 6.6.3.
In order to satisfy the requirements in Sections 6.6.4 and 6.6.5 - more can be found in AS3600:2018 Sup 1:2022 Section C6.6 - verification and validations of the method were done at various universities. Individual articles summarizing the results of verification and validation can be found at the following link.
Since IDEA StatiCa Detail is a practical design program, factored characteristic compressive cylinder strength at 28 days f'c is used for calculations as is described in the next chapter.
Prestressing - model description
References
ACI Committee 318. 2019. Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-19) and Commentary. Farmington Hills, MI: American Concrete Institute.
Alvarez, Manuel. 1998. Einfluss des Verbundverhaltens auf das Verformungsvermögen von Stahlbeton. IBK Bericht 236. Basel: Institut für Baustatik und Konstruktion, ETH Zurich, Birkhäuser Verlag.
Beeby, A. W. 1979. “The Prediction of Crack Widths in Hardened Concrete.” The Structural Engineer 57A (1): 9–17.
Broms, Bengt B. 1965. “Crack Width and Crack Spacing In Reinforced Concrete Members.” ACI Journal Proceedings 62 (10): 1237–56. https://doi.org/10.14359/7742.
Burns, C.. 2012. “Serviceability Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Members Based on the Tension Chord Model.” IBK Report Nr. 342, Zurich, Switzerland: ETH Zurich.
Crisfield, M. A. 1997. Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis of Solids and Structures. Wiley.
European Committee for Standardization (CEN). 2015. 1 Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings. Brussels: CEN, 2005.
Fernández Ruiz, M., and A. Muttoni. 2007. “On Development of Suitable Stress Fields for Structural Concrete.” ACI Structural Journal 104 (4): 495–502.
Kaufmann, W., J. Mata-Falcón, M. Weber, T. Galkovski, D. Thong Tran, J. Kabelac, M. Konecny, J. Navratil, M. Cihal, and P. Komarkova. 2020. “Compatible Stress Field Design Of Structural Concrete. Berlin, Germany.”AZ Druck und Datentechnik GmbH, ISBN 978-3-906916-95-8.
Kaufmann, W., and P. Marti. 1998. “Structural Concrete: Cracked Membrane Model.” Journal of Structural Engineering 124 (12): 1467–75. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1998)124:12(1467).
Kaufmann, W.. 1998. “Strength and Deformations of Structural Concrete Subjected to In-Plane Shear and Normal Forces.” Doctoral dissertation, Basel: Institut für Baustatik und Konstruktion, ETH Zürich. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7612-4.
Konečný, M., J. Kabeláč, and J. Navrátil. 2017. Use of Topology Optimization in Concrete Reinforcement Design. 24. Czech Concrete Days (2017). ČBS ČSSI. https://resources.ideastatica.com/Content/06_Detail/Verification/Articles/Topology_optimization_US.pdf.
Marti, P. 1985. “Truss Models in Detailing.” Concrete International 7 (12): 66–73.
Marti, P. 2013. Theory of Structures: Fundamentals, Framed Structures, Plates and Shells. First edition. Berlin, Germany: Wiley Ernst & Sohn.
http://sfx.ethz.ch/sfx_locater?sid=ALEPH:EBI01&genre=book&isbn=9783433029916.
Marti, P., M.Alvarez, W. Kaufmann, and V. Sigrist. 1998. “Tension Chord Model for Structural Concrete.” Structural Engineering International 8 (4): 287–298.
https://doi.org/10.2749/101686698780488875.
Mata-Falcón, J. 2015. “Serviceability and Ultimate Behaviour of Dapped-End Beams (In Spanish: Estudio Del Comportamiento En Servicio y Rotura de Los Apoyos a Media Madera).” PhD thesis, Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València.
Meier, H. 1983. “Berücksichtigung Des Wirklichkeitsnahen Werkstoffverhaltens Beim Standsicherheitsnachweis Turmartiger Stahlbetonbauwerke.” Institut für Massivbau, Universität Stuttgart.
Navrátil, J., P. Ševčík, L. Michalčík, P. Foltyn, and J. Kabeláč. 2017. A Solution for Walls and Details of Concrete Structures. 24. Czech Concrete Days.
Schlaich, J., K. Schäfer, and M. Jennewein. 1987a. “Toward a Consistent Design of Structural Concrete.” PCI Journal 32 (3): 74–150.
Vecchio, F.J., and M.P. Collins. 1986. “The Modified Compression Field Theory for Reinforced Concrete Elements Subjected to Shear.” ACI Journal 83 (2): 219–31.