Introduction
First of all, it may be prudent to define what (or who) an Engineer of Record is and what they do.
The term may or may not travel across borders and an EoR in one country may well be known as something else in another.
An Engineer of Record is a professional engineer who seals drawings or calculations for a project. The seal signifies that the EoR developed, coordinated or prepared drawings, calculations etc. for a project under the supervision of a professional engineer. Ultimately the EoR assumes professional responsibility for ensuring the buildings structural integrity.
Whichever way you read this it is a very important job!
Not every project will require an EoR. If a project is relatively simple and does not involve public safety then probably not. If the project is complex then probably yes. More often than not it is local building codes that will dictate if one is required.
In the USA, an EoR must be registered in the state they are practising in. In other countries they should be a member of an accredited institution.
What do they do in reality?
As well as preparing drawings and calculations, they can also build upon a concept design by others. They can also create calculations to size beams etc. and check those issued by others. They validate the design.

AISC have published an excellent video that can be accessed here. In the video the role and its responsibilities are discussed.
The challenges of traditional data sharing
In conventional workflows, EoRs often send simplified PDF drawings and generalized force results. This simplification leads to blanket forces being used for connection design, hiding critical load combinations that could impact the safety and performance of the structure. This can result in either overdesign or failure to identify the specific forces that the connection will face, increasing the risk of failure.
Moreover, engineers are often reluctant to share their entire global analysis model due to concerns about exposing their intellectual property. This hesitance results in the use of overly simplified information that may not fully capture the true behavior of the structure.



